[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":371},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Fde\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea":3},{"species":4,"profile":241,"countryNames":279,"lookalikes":291,"similar":296,"posts":350},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":12,"defense":24,"diet":27,"difficulty":30,"dryHumidity":31,"escapeRisk":9,"estimated":32,"experience":38,"extension":39,"finder":40,"founding":41,"growth":42,"guide":31,"hibernation":43,"hibernationMonths":44,"hibernationTemperature":47,"humidity":50,"image":53,"imageCredit":54,"imageHeight":58,"imageWidth":59,"interests":31,"keptSince":31,"legal":60,"lookalikes":63,"majorSize":31,"maxWorkers":67,"meta":68,"nests":69,"nuptialFlightMonths":73,"nuptialFlightTime":31,"nuptialFlightTriggers":31,"polymorphism":76,"queenSize":77,"regions":80,"relatedPosts":83,"reviewedAt":62,"scientificName":87,"sources":88,"stem":227,"subfamily":228,"temperature":229,"tribe":232,"workerSize":233,"__hash__":235,"slug":236,"genus":237,"nickname":238,"aliases":239,"tagline":240},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.yml","(Latreille, 1798)","polygyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":10,"nuptialFlight":11},"high","medium","low",[13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"ES","PT","FR","IT","CH","DE","SI","HR","GR","BG","TR",[25,26],"bite","acid",[28,29],"sugar","insects","5",null,[33,34,35,36,37],"humidity","hibernationTemperature","nuptialFlightMonths","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","moderate","recommended",[45,46],11,2,[48,49],10,15,[51,52],50,60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.jpg",{"author":55,"license":56,"url":57},"Philipp Hoenle (myrmecophil)","CC0 1.0","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F207801045",800,1200,{"status":61,"checked":62},"free","2026-10-11",[64,65,66],"Plagiolepis schmitzii","Plagiolepis pyrenaica","Solenopsis fugax",5000,{},[70,71,72],"ytong","sandwich","testTube",[74,75],6,8,"monomorphic",[78,79],3,4.5,[81,82],"europe","middleEast",[84,85,86],"how-to-make-a-ytong-nest","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","Plagiolepis pygmaea",[89,96,100,105,109,113,118,123,127,131,135,139,143,147,151,155,159,163,169,174,178,182,186,190,194,198,202,206,210,215,219,223],{"type":90,"title":91,"url":92,"covers":93},"paper","Passera, Gilbert and Aron (2001), Insectes Sociaux: Social parasitism in ants, effects of the inquiline Plagiolepis xene on queen distribution and worker production of its host Plagiolepis pygmaea (nests in south-facing embankments, seasonal polydomy, budding, laboratory colonies overwintered at 12 °C and kept for years on honey)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002FPL00001749",[94,95],"biology","husbandry",{"type":90,"title":97,"url":98,"covers":99},"Trontti, Aron and Sundström (2005), Molecular Ecology: Inbreeding and kinship in the ant Plagiolepis pygmaea (5 to 35 queens per nest, mating inside the nest, colony reproduction by budding)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-294X.2005.02529.x",[94],{"type":90,"title":101,"url":102,"covers":103},"Thurin and Aron (2009), Journal of Evolutionary Biology: Sib-mating in the ant Plagiolepis pygmaea, adaptive inbreeding? (colonies with several hundred queens, low male dispersal, workers repel foreign males)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1420-9101.2009.01864.x",[94,104],"nuptialFlight",{"type":90,"title":106,"url":107,"covers":108},"Thurin and Aron (2008), Animal Behaviour: Seasonal nestmate recognition in the polydomous ant Plagiolepis pygmaea (workers of one colony never fight, but always attack other colonies)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.anbehav.2007.08.013",[94],{"type":90,"title":110,"url":111,"covers":112},"Trontti, Thurin, Sundström and Aron (2007), Behavioral Ecology: Mating for convenience or genetic diversity? Mating patterns in the polygynous ant Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fbeheco\u002Farl083",[94],{"type":114,"title":115,"url":116,"covers":117},"careSheet","formicarium.it: Scheda Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.formicarium.it\u002Fformiche-italiane\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94],{"type":119,"title":120,"url":121,"covers":122},"forum","formicarium.it forum: Diario allevamento Plagiolepis pygmaea (three queens caught in June, first workers after about six weeks, two queens killed the third)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=964",[95,104],{"type":119,"title":124,"url":125,"covers":126},"formicarium.it forum: Diario Plagiolepis pygmaea by humblebee (three queens and thirty workers from a stone in April, about 120 workers by August, crystallized honey)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=6477",[95],{"type":119,"title":128,"url":129,"covers":130},"formicarium.it forum: Le piccole Plagiolepis pygmaea (single queen from a polygynous nest, vaseline and moat as barrier, escapes and deaths)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4181",[95],{"type":119,"title":132,"url":133,"covers":134},"formicarium.it forum: Regine trovate a Roma (tiny queens found in Rome in early June, species not yet confirmed; an experienced keeper says such queens always found a colony and are easy to raise, but the nest must be hermetically closed and not porous)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4239",[95,104],{"type":119,"title":136,"url":137,"covers":138},"formicarium.it forum: Trasferimento Plagiolepis pygmaea (three queens against single queens, plaster mini-nests, dry nest)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4883",[95],{"type":114,"title":140,"url":141,"covers":142},"Antstore: Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FPlagiolepis-pygmaea.html",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":144,"url":145,"covers":146},"Ameisenhaltung.de: Artenverzeichnis, Plagiolepis pygmaea (honeypot workers, endangered in Germany)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenhaltung.de\u002Fartenverzeichnis\u002Fentry\u002F271-plagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":148,"url":149,"covers":150},"Hormigueando: Ficha de cria de Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fhormigueando.com\u002Ffichas-de-cria\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":152,"url":153,"covers":154},"FormicaMarket: Plagiolepis pygmaea care guide","https:\u002F\u002Fformicamarket.com\u002Fen\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95,104],{"type":114,"title":156,"url":157,"covers":158},"AntScout: Plagiolepis pygmaea (care sheet compiled from the literature)","https:\u002F\u002Fantscout.com\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95,94],{"type":114,"title":160,"url":161,"covers":162},"Ant Shack: Plagiolepis pygmaea care sheet","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ant-shack.com\u002Fpages\u002Fencyclopedia-entry\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95],{"type":164,"title":165,"url":166,"covers":167},"reference","DEpository: Plagiolepis pygmaea (fauna of Germany, winged ants in July and August, colonies spread by division)","https:\u002F\u002Fwwwuser.gwdguser.de\u002F~nprpic\u002Fwebrepository\u002Fmetazoa\u002Farthropoda\u002Finsecta\u002Fhymenoptera\u002Fformicidae\u002Fplagiolepis\u002Fplagiolepispyg.html",[168,94,104],"distribution",{"type":164,"title":170,"url":171,"covers":172},"AntCat: Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), valid species of the Formicinae","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F444985",[173],"taxonomy",{"type":164,"title":175,"url":176,"covers":177},"AntWiki: Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlagiolepis_pygmaea",[173,168,94],{"type":164,"title":179,"url":180,"covers":181},"Antkeeping.info: Plagiolepis pygmaea (country list and sizes taken from AntWiki)","https:\u002F\u002Fantkeeping.info\u002Fants\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[173,168,94],{"type":164,"title":183,"url":184,"covers":185},"Wikipedia: Plagiolepis pygmaea (range from Portugal and the Canary Islands to Iran, after Boer 2008)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlagiolepis_pygmaea",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":187,"url":188,"covers":189},"AntCat: Plagiolepis barbara Santschi, 1911 (the North African ant first described as a variety of P. pygmaea from Tunisia and Algeria, now a valid species, so old North African pygmaea records are not counted in the native range)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F444913",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":191,"url":192,"covers":193},"Alarcón: Claves de identificación de obreras de Plagiolepis de la Península Ibérica (funicular proportions used to separate P. pygmaea from P. schmitzii)","https:\u002F\u002Fpacoalarcon.com\u002Fformicidae\u002Fclaves_plagiolepis.pdf",[173],{"type":164,"title":195,"url":196,"covers":197},"Dictionnaire amoureux des fourmis: Plagiolepis (taxonomic history of the genus and the cryptic pygmaea, taurica and pyrenaica group)","https:\u002F\u002Fdictionnaire-amoureux-des-fourmis.fr\u002FEspeces\u002FPlagiolepis\u002FPlagiolepis.htm",[173,94],{"type":90,"title":199,"url":200,"covers":201},"Trigos-Peral and Czechowski (2025), Fragmenta Faunistica: Plagiolepis pygmaea, an introduced ant species new to Poland (northernmost record, not part of the native range)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3161\u002F00159301ff2025.68.1.06",[168],{"type":164,"title":203,"url":204,"covers":205},"AntFlights: Plagiolepis pygmaea, one flight record (Andalucia, 12 July 2026, 22:50, 25 °C, calm, confirmation pending)","https:\u002F\u002Fantflights.com\u002Fstats\u002Fflights\u002FPlagiolepis\u002Fpygmaea",[104],{"type":164,"title":207,"url":208,"covers":209},"GBIF: Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), occurrence records by country","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1320777",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":211,"url":212,"covers":213},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[214],"legal",{"type":164,"title":216,"url":217,"covers":218},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany (only Formica among the ants)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[214],{"type":164,"title":220,"url":221,"covers":222},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[214],{"type":164,"title":224,"url":225,"covers":226},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[214],"species\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea","Formicinae",[230,231],21,28,"Plagiolepidini",[234,46],1.3,"R3sdXVlMaNgaA1dYN-98kPsDJ0i9zOegVHxnfpzOxl8","plagiolepis-pygmaea","Plagiolepis","",[],"Eine stecknadelkopfgroße, sonnenliebende Ameise, die in Netzwerken von Nestern mit vielen Königinnen lebt und durch die kleinste Lücke schlüpft.",{"id":242,"title":243,"aliases":239,"body":244,"description":238,"extension":249,"faqs":250,"identification":260,"language":261,"meta":262,"navigation":263,"nickname":238,"notes":264,"path":275,"seo":276,"stem":277,"tagline":240,"__hash__":278},"speciesProfiles\u002Fde\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.md","Plagiolepis Pygmaea",{"type":245,"value":246,"toc":247},"minimark",[],{"title":238,"searchDepth":46,"depth":46,"links":248},[],"md",[251,254,257],{"question":252,"answer":253},"Kann eine einzelne Plagiolepis-pygmaea-Königin allein eine Kolonie gründen?","Ja. In der Natur breiten sich Kolonien meist durch Knospung aus, wenn sich neue Königinnen und Arbeiterinnen in einem nahen Nest niederlassen, aber Halter berichten, dass einzelne Königinnen oder kleine Gruppen ihre ersten Arbeiterinnen in einem Reagenzglas aufziehen, ohne gefüttert zu werden. Gruppen scheinen besser abzuschneiden: Ein italienischer Halter hatte bis Ende Juli etwa dreißig Arbeiterinnen von drei Königinnen, einzelne Königinnen dagegen nur drei oder vier. Gruppen können aber auch kleiner werden, denn in zwei Berichten blieb von einer Gruppe von Königinnen nur eine übrig.",{"question":255,"answer":256},"Warum lebt Plagiolepis pygmaea in so vielen Nestern gleichzeitig?","Eine Kolonie verteilt sich auf mehrere Nester, die Arbeiterinnen, Brut und Königinnen austauschen, was Polydomie genannt wird. In einer französischen Feldstudie teilten sich die Kolonien im Frühjahr in viele eng beieinanderliegende Nester auf und vereinigten sich im Spätsommer für den Winter wieder. Die meisten Nester enthielten nur Arbeiterinnen, während die Königinnen in wenigen von ihnen versammelt waren.",{"question":258,"answer":259},"Kann ich zwei Plagiolepis-pygmaea-Kolonien zusammensetzen?","Lieber nicht. In einer Untersuchung einer natürlichen Population in Südfrankreich kämpften Arbeiterinnen aus verschiedenen Nestern derselben Kolonie nie miteinander, waren aber gegenüber Arbeiterinnen anderer Kolonien stets feindselig, ganz gleich, wie nah beieinander sie lebten oder wie eng verwandt sie waren. Die Arbeiterinnen vertreiben auch nicht verwandte Männchen, halte deshalb Kolonien, die an verschiedenen Orten gesammelt wurden, getrennt.","Winzige, glänzende braune bis schwärzliche Arbeiterinnen, oft mit helleren gelblichen Beinen und Fühlern, so klein, dass sie wie sich bewegende Punkte aussehen, und mit Hinterleibern, die rund anschwellen, wenn sie voller flüssiger Nahrung sind. Es gibt mehrere sehr ähnliche Plagiolepis-Arten, für eine sichere Bestimmung braucht man deshalb ein Mikroskop: Die Unterschiede liegen in winzigen Details wie den Proportionen der Fühlerglieder.","de",{},true,[265,268,271,273],{"kind":266,"text":267},"tip","Biete Zucker als Klecks kristallisierten Honigs oder auf einem winzigen Stück Folie an und halte Watte nur leicht feucht: Ein einziger Tropfen oder ein durchnässter Stopfen kann mehrere Arbeiterinnen auf einmal festhalten oder ertränken.",{"kind":269,"text":270},"watchOut","Plane die Ausbruchschutz-Barriere, bevor die ersten Arbeiterinnen schlüpfen, und achte auf jede Verbindungsstelle: Die Arbeiterinnen drängen sich in den schmalen Spalt zwischen einem Reagenzglas und seinem Stopfen oder einem Verbindungsröhrchen, und italienische Halter verloren dort viele, entweder zerquetscht, als sich das Plastik nach der Winterruhe wieder ausdehnte, oder versehentlich getötet, als der Stopfen geöffnet wurde.",{"kind":266,"text":272},"Ahme ihren natürlichen Lebensraum aus sonnenwarmem, trockenem Boden mit Steinen nach. Gib dem Nest eine warme Seite und neben den feuchten Brutkammern eine trockenere Zone und lass die Kolonie entscheiden, wo sie die Brut unterbringt.",{"kind":269,"text":274},"Biete winzige tote Beute wie Fruchtfliegen oder Mückenstücke an, denn italienische Halter raten bei so kleinen Ameisen von lebenden Insekten ab (Springschwänze sind die Ausnahme), und entferne Reste, bevor sie schimmeln. Zucker ist das Grundnahrungsmittel, und Laborkolonien haben sogar jahrelang allein von Honig gelebt, aber kleine Eiweißportionen in regelmäßigen Abständen versorgen eine schnell wachsende Brut.","\u002Fde\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",{"description":238},"de\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea","mlsYGP3oVlNwml7h06zImkMB_LLNvtaRhGzDVmtip-o",[280,281,282,283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290],"Bulgarien","Deutschland","Frankreich","Griechenland","Italien","Kroatien","Portugal","Schweiz","Slowenien","Spanien","Türkei",[292,293,294],{"name":64,"slug":31},{"name":65,"slug":31},{"name":66,"slug":295},"solenopsis-fugax",[297,317,336],{"slug":298,"scientificName":299,"genus":300,"nickname":238,"aliases":301,"tagline":302,"image":303,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":304,"majorSize":49,"queenSize":305,"temperature":307,"hibernation":310,"hibernationTemperature":311,"hibernationBand":312,"sizeClass":313,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":314,"regions":315},"camponotus-cruentatus","Camponotus cruentatus","Camponotus",[],"Ein mattschwarzer Riese des Mittelmeerraums mit rostrotem Band quer über dem Gaster, scheu, solange die Kolonie klein ist, und heftig territorial, sobald sie wächst.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-cruentatus.jpg",[74,48],[49,306],18,[308,309],25,30,"required",[48,49],"cool","large","monogyne",[81,316],"northAfrica",{"slug":318,"scientificName":319,"genus":320,"nickname":321,"aliases":322,"tagline":323,"image":324,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":325,"workerSize":326,"majorSize":31,"queenSize":328,"temperature":330,"hibernation":43,"hibernationTemperature":333,"hibernationBand":312,"sizeClass":10,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":314,"regions":335},"aphaenogaster-subterranea","Aphaenogaster subterranea","Aphaenogaster","Untergrundameise",[],"Eine schlanke, heimliche Waldameise, die unter Steinen nistet, leise in der Laubstreu jagt und süße Flüssigkeiten auf vollgesogenen Erdkörnchen nach Hause trägt.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea.jpg","4",[78,327],5,[329,75],7,[331,332],20,26,[75,334],12,[81],{"slug":337,"scientificName":338,"genus":300,"nickname":238,"aliases":339,"tagline":340,"image":341,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":325,"workerSize":342,"majorSize":343,"queenSize":344,"temperature":345,"hibernation":43,"hibernationTemperature":347,"hibernationBand":312,"sizeClass":313,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":314,"regions":348},"camponotus-japonicus","Camponotus japonicus",[],"Ein robuster, mattschwarzer Riese ostasiatischer Felder und Parks, dessen Kolonie nur langsam wächst, aber viele Jahre unter derselben Königin bestehen kann.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-japonicus.jpg",[74,334],14,[49,306],[346,231],22,[75,334],[349],"asia",[351,358,365],{"id":352,"title":353,"description":354,"image":355,"categoryText":356,"path":357},"blog\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest.md","So baust du ein Ytong-Nest – Anleitung","In dieser Anleitung lernst du, wie du ein Ytong-Nest für deine Ameisenkolonien baust! Das ist eine der besten Nestarten für viele Ameisenarten!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_ant_nest_tutorial.png","Anleitungen","\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest",{"id":359,"title":360,"description":361,"image":362,"categoryText":363,"path":364},"blog\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","So überwinterst du deine Ameisen – Anleitung","In diesem Ratgeber geht es um die Überwinterung: Was ist das? Warum müssen Ameisen überwintern? Soll ich meine Ameisen überwintern? Schauen wir mal!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","Grundlagen","\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",{"id":366,"title":367,"description":368,"image":369,"categoryText":363,"path":370},"blog\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","So baust du ein Reagenzglas-Setup – Anleitung","In dieser Anleitung lernst du, wie du ein Reagenzglas-Setup baust – die beste Methode, um einer frisch begatteten Ameisenkönigin ideale Bedingungen zu bieten!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","\u002Fde\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",1791900242119]