[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":357},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea":3},{"species":4,"profile":222,"countryNames":260,"lookalikes":276,"similar":282,"posts":336},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":11,"defense":27,"diet":30,"difficulty":33,"dryHumidity":34,"escapeRisk":35,"estimated":36,"experience":40,"extension":41,"finder":42,"founding":43,"growth":44,"guide":34,"hibernation":45,"hibernationMonths":46,"hibernationTemperature":49,"humidity":52,"image":55,"imageCredit":56,"imageHeight":60,"imageWidth":61,"interests":34,"keptSince":34,"legal":62,"lookalikes":65,"majorSize":34,"maxWorkers":69,"meta":70,"nests":71,"nuptialFlightMonths":75,"nuptialFlightTime":78,"nuptialFlightTriggers":34,"polymorphism":79,"queenSize":80,"regions":81,"relatedPosts":83,"reviewedAt":64,"scientificName":87,"sources":88,"stem":207,"subfamily":208,"temperature":209,"tribe":212,"workerSize":213,"__hash__":216,"slug":217,"genus":218,"nickname":219,"aliases":220,"tagline":221},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea.yml","(Latreille, 1798)","monogyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":10,"nuptialFlight":10},"high","medium",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26],"FR","IT","CH","DE","AT","ES","BE","HU","HR","SI","CZ","SK","RO","BG","GR",[28,29],"bite","sting",[31,32],"insects","sugar","4",null,"low",[37,38,39],"hibernationTemperature","nuptialFlightMonths","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","moderate","recommended",[47,48],11,2,[50,51],8,12,[53,54],50,65,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea.jpg",{"author":57,"license":58,"url":59},"Philipp Hoenle (myrmecophil)","CC0 1.0","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F73759632",800,1200,{"status":63,"checked":64},"free","2026-10-11",[66,67,68],"Aphaenogaster ichnusa","Tetramorium caespitum","Pheidole pallidula",2000,{},[72,73,74],"ytong","naturalistic","sandwich",[76,77],7,9,"evening","monomorphic",[76,50],[82],"europe",[84,85,86],"how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","how-to-make-a-ytong-nest","Aphaenogaster subterranea",[89,97,101,105,110,115,119,123,127,131,135,140,145,150,154,158,162,166,170,174,178,182,186,191,195,199,203],{"type":90,"title":91,"url":92,"covers":93},"paper","Schifani et al. (2023), ZooKeys: Unrecognized for centuries, distribution and sexual caste descriptions of the West European Aphaenogaster species of the subterranea group (subterranea versus ichnusa, habitat, rare extra queens, flights in late summer)","https:\u002F\u002Fpmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\u002Farticles\u002FPMC10194075\u002F",[94,95,96],"taxonomy","biology","distribution",{"type":90,"title":98,"url":99,"covers":100},"Galkowski, Aubert and Blatrix (2019), Sociobiology: Aphaenogaster ichnusa Santschi, 1925, bona species, and redescription of Aphaenogaster subterranea (Latreille, 1798) (the split of the two species: spines, sculpturing and color)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoaj.org\u002Farticle\u002F396cb9dc03354700800574b88c9e4d5b",[94],{"type":90,"title":102,"url":103,"covers":104},"Zięcina et al. (2024), Annales Zoologici: Taxonomic revision of the Aphaenogaster subterranea species group","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3161\u002F00034541ANZ2024.74.2.002",[94,96],{"type":90,"title":106,"url":107,"covers":108},"Maák et al. (2017), Animal Behaviour: Tool selection during foraging in two species of funnel ants (habitat, colonies of 500 to 1500 workers kept in the lab at 24 degrees, tool use)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.anbehav.2016.11.005",[95,109],"husbandry",{"type":111,"title":112,"url":113,"covers":114},"reference","AntCat: Aphaenogaster subterranea (Latreille, 1798) (valid species of Myrmicinae, tribe Stenammini; page blocked to bots, checked through the Catalogue of Life, which mirrors AntCat)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F431282",[94],{"type":111,"title":116,"url":117,"covers":118},"AntWiki: Aphaenogaster subterranea (page blocked to bots, read through search excerpts: range, ichnusa split, no North African records)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAphaenogaster_subterranea",[94,95,96],{"type":111,"title":120,"url":121,"covers":122},"GBIF: Aphaenogaster subterranea (Latreille, 1798) (accepted name, occurrence records by country)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1316070",[94,96],{"type":111,"title":124,"url":125,"covers":126},"BWARS: Aphaenogaster subterranea (identification, size, range)","https:\u002F\u002Fbwars.com\u002Fnode\u002F7770",[94,95,96],{"type":111,"title":128,"url":129,"covers":130},"Wikipedia: Aphaenogaster (tribe Stenammini, funnel ants)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAphaenogaster",[94],{"type":111,"title":132,"url":133,"covers":134},"Alarcon, after Arcos and Fede (2023), key to the Aphaenogaster workers of the Iberian Peninsula (subterranea with elongated spines in the north, ichnusa with short triangular spines in the northeast)","https:\u002F\u002Fpacoalarcon.com\u002Fformicidae\u002Fclaves_aphaenogaster.pdf",[94],{"type":111,"title":136,"url":137,"covers":138},"AntScout: Aphaenogaster subterranea (care sheet compiled from the literature, flight records)","https:\u002F\u002Fantscout.com\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea",[95,109,139],"nuptialFlight",{"type":141,"title":142,"url":143,"covers":144},"careSheet","formicarium.it: Scheda Aphaenogaster subterranea","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fformiche-italiane\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea\u002F",[109,95,96,139],{"type":146,"title":147,"url":148,"covers":149},"forum","formicarium.it forum: allevamento Aphaenogaster subterranea (2013 to 2015, slow founding, colonies kept without a winter rest, flights from late July to mid August)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=7388",[109,95,139],{"type":146,"title":151,"url":152,"covers":153},"formicarium.it forum: Consigli regine sorelle (sister queens of Aphaenogaster subterranea first taken for Tetramorium or Pheidole, so mixed up often)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=1427",[94],{"type":146,"title":155,"url":156,"covers":157},"formicarium.it forum: Diario Aphaenogaster subterranea (a queen found alone under a stone, very slow first brood)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=9613",[109,95],{"type":141,"title":159,"url":160,"covers":161},"Hormigueando: Ficha de cria de Aphaenogaster subterranea","https:\u002F\u002Fhormigueando.com\u002Ffichas-de-cria\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea\u002F",[109,95,139],{"type":141,"title":163,"url":164,"covers":165},"Ameisenhaltung.de: Artenverzeichnis, Aphaenogaster subterranea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenhaltung.de\u002Fartenverzeichnis\u002Fentry\u002F4-aphaenogaster-subterranea\u002F",[109,95,139],{"type":141,"title":167,"url":168,"covers":169},"Antstore: Aphaenogaster subterranea underground ant","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FAphaenogaster-subterranea-underground-ant.html",[109,95,139],{"type":141,"title":171,"url":172,"covers":173},"Ant Shack: Aphaenogaster subterranea care 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consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[190],"legal",{"type":111,"title":192,"url":193,"covers":194},"Antkeeping.info: ant species forbidden in the EU","https:\u002F\u002Fantkeeping.info\u002Fants\u002Fkeeping-forbidden-in-eu-species\u002F",[190],{"type":111,"title":196,"url":197,"covers":198},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[190],{"type":111,"title":200,"url":201,"covers":202},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[190],{"type":111,"title":204,"url":205,"covers":206},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[190],"species\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea","Myrmicinae",[210,211],20,26,"Stenammini",[214,215],3,5,"VJMhIq2VtmnDvqJzGLoFVpzzpxB0FzubY5z_FKG5Lbo","aphaenogaster-subterranea","Aphaenogaster","",[],"Una hormiga de bosque esbelta y discreta que anida bajo las piedras, caza en silencio en la hojarasca y lleva los líquidos dulces al nido sobre granos de tierra empapados.",{"id":223,"title":224,"aliases":220,"body":225,"description":219,"extension":230,"faqs":231,"identification":241,"language":242,"meta":243,"navigation":244,"nickname":219,"notes":245,"path":256,"seo":257,"stem":258,"tagline":221,"__hash__":259},"speciesProfiles\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea.md","Aphaenogaster Subterranea",{"type":226,"value":227,"toc":228},"minimark",[],{"title":219,"searchDepth":48,"depth":48,"links":229},[],"md",[232,235,238],{"question":233,"answer":234},"¿Toda hormiga que se vende como Aphaenogaster subterranea es realmente esa especie?","Puede que no. Hasta 2019, Aphaenogaster ichnusa se consideraba una subespecie de Cerdeña de A. subterranea, y todavía se confunden. Un estudio de 2023 encontró ambas en Italia y en partes de España y Francia: ichnusa en las tierras bajas mediterráneas cálidas, y subterranea sobre todo a más altitud o en microclimas especiales de esas zonas, aunque también es común a nivel del mar en climas continentales. Las obreras se distinguen por la forma de las espinas, mientras que las reinas y los machos solo se pueden diferenciar con un microscopio. Las fichas de cuidados de los criadores no distinguen entre las dos, así que toma los consejos de cuidado de esta ficha como un punto de partida para cualquiera de las dos especies hasta que sepas cuál tienes.",{"question":236,"answer":237},"¿Dónde anida Aphaenogaster subterranea en la naturaleza?","Sobre todo en el suelo, bajo las piedras, y a veces en troncos podridos o en la hojarasca, en bosques húmedos y umbríos de frondosas y de pinos, en los bordes del bosque y en los setos. Las colonias tienen desde varios cientos hasta unas dos mil obreras. En Italia es común desde las tierras bajas hasta las colinas. La base de datos alemana de hormigas señala que figura en la Lista Roja alemana, así que allí hay que dejar en paz a las colonias silvestres.",{"question":239,"answer":240},"¿Las obreras de Aphaenogaster subterranea usan herramientas de verdad?","Sí. Igual que otras Aphaenogaster, no pueden pasarse el alimento líquido de boca en boca ni tienen un buche extensible, así que las forrajeras echan granos de tierra, agujas de pino o trocitos de esponja en agua azucarada o miel y llevan al nido los elementos empapados. En experimentos con esta especie y con Aphaenogaster senilis, las hormigas prefirieron los materiales que absorbían más líquido, incluso artificiales como la esponja, y solo lo hacía una minoría de las forrajeras.","Obreras delgadas, brillantes y de un marrón rojizo, con patas y antenas largas y amarillentas, un par de espinas en el tórax y una cintura con un pedúnculo largo, como una Myrmica más esbelta. La muy parecida Aphaenogaster ichnusa, presente en las mismas regiones del sur de Europa, tiene espinas más cortas y gruesas.","es",{},true,[246,249,251,254],{"kind":247,"text":248},"tip","Ten paciencia con una colonia joven: empieza despacio, y los criadores cuentan que tras los primeros meses solo hay un puñado de obreras, y que luego el crecimiento se acelera cuando la colonia se ha asentado.",{"kind":247,"text":250},"Las obreras llevan todo lo que encuentran directamente al nido y no pueden pasarse los líquidos de boca en boca. Corta la comida en trozos pequeños para que nada grande se pudra dentro, y pon una pizca de arena limpia en el nido o junto al agua azucarada, porque transportan los líquidos en granos empapados.",{"kind":252,"text":253},"watchOut","No dejes que todo el nido se seque ni que oscile entre extremos. Es una especie de bosques húmedos y umbríos, y la base de datos alemana de hormigas señala que la colonia se desarrolla más despacio cuando se mantiene demasiado seca, así que mantén una zona húmeda para la cría.",{"kind":247,"text":255},"Ofrece refugio a las tímidas forrajeras, por ejemplo hojarasca o corteza en el suelo de la zona de forrajeo. Son activas sobre todo al anochecer y de noche, y en la naturaleza cazan entre las hojas muertas, así que no esperes mucha actividad con luz intensa.","\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea",{"description":219},"es\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea","Z-oICRaE7fFLKuMFvBQ75Nvz2l_7OIV8z-uwStqLEJg",[261,262,263,264,265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272,273,274,275],"Alemania","Austria","Bélgica","Bulgaria","Chequia","Croacia","Eslovaquia","Eslovenia","España","Francia","Grecia","Hungría","Italia","Rumanía","Suiza",[277,278,280],{"name":66,"slug":34},{"name":67,"slug":279},"tetramorium-caespitum",{"name":68,"slug":281},"pheidole-pallidula",[283,302,317],{"slug":284,"scientificName":285,"genus":218,"nickname":219,"aliases":286,"tagline":287,"image":288,"experience":40,"guide":34,"difficulty":289,"workerSize":290,"majorSize":34,"queenSize":291,"temperature":293,"hibernation":45,"hibernationTemperature":296,"hibernationBand":298,"sizeClass":10,"founding":299,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":300},"aphaenogaster-senilis","Aphaenogaster senilis",[],"Una cazadora inquieta y de patas largas que se expande dividiendo su colonia en lugar de volar y que lleva el alimento líquido al nido sobre trocitos de residuos.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-senilis.jpg","3",[215,76],[50,292],10,[294,295],21,27,[51,297],16,"mild","fission",[82,301],"northAfrica",{"slug":303,"scientificName":304,"genus":305,"nickname":219,"aliases":306,"tagline":307,"image":308,"experience":40,"guide":34,"difficulty":33,"workerSize":309,"majorSize":34,"queenSize":310,"temperature":311,"hibernation":312,"hibernationTemperature":313,"hibernationBand":314,"sizeClass":10,"founding":43,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":315},"camponotus-lateralis","Camponotus lateralis","Camponotus",[],"Una hormiga carpintera pequeña y tímida, de cabeza roja y gáster negro, que se hace pasar por una hormiga acróbata y sigue sus senderos para encontrar comida.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-lateralis.jpg",[214,76],[50,292],[294,295],"required",[50,51],"cool",[82,301,316],"middleEast",{"slug":318,"scientificName":319,"genus":305,"nickname":219,"aliases":320,"tagline":321,"image":322,"experience":40,"guide":34,"difficulty":33,"workerSize":323,"majorSize":325,"queenSize":326,"temperature":329,"hibernation":45,"hibernationTemperature":332,"hibernationBand":314,"sizeClass":333,"founding":43,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":334},"camponotus-japonicus","Camponotus japonicus",[],"Un gigante robusto y de un negro mate de los campos y parques de Asia oriental que crece despacio, pero que puede seguir con la misma reina durante muchos años.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-japonicus.jpg",[324,51],6,14,[327,328],15,18,[330,331],22,28,[50,51],"large",[335],"asia",[337,344,350],{"id":338,"title":339,"description":340,"image":341,"categoryText":342,"path":343},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","Cómo hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo - Cría de hormigas","En este tutorial aprenderás a hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo, ¡la mejor forma de crear el entorno ideal para una reina recién fecundada!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","Conceptos Básicos","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",{"id":345,"title":346,"description":347,"image":348,"categoryText":342,"path":349},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","Cómo hibernar a tus hormigas - Tutorial de hibernación","En esta guía vamos a hablar de la hibernación: ¿qué es? ¿Por qué necesitan hibernar las hormigas? ¿Debería hibernar a mis hormigas? ¡Vamos a verlo!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",{"id":351,"title":352,"description":353,"image":354,"categoryText":355,"path":356},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest.md","Cómo hacer un nido de Ytong - Tutorial de cría de hormigas","¡En este tutorial aprenderás a hacer un nido de Ytong para tus colonias de hormigas! ¡Es uno de los mejores tipos de nido para muchas especies de hormigas!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_ant_nest_tutorial.png","Tutoriales","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest",1791900233148]