[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":318},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus":3},{"species":4,"profile":194,"countryNames":229,"lookalikes":242,"similar":246,"posts":297},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":11,"defense":24,"diet":26,"difficulty":30,"dryHumidity":31,"escapeRisk":10,"estimated":34,"experience":41,"extension":42,"finder":43,"founding":44,"growth":45,"guide":46,"hibernation":47,"hibernationMonths":48,"hibernationTemperature":51,"humidity":54,"image":56,"imageCredit":57,"imageHeight":61,"imageWidth":62,"interests":46,"keptSince":46,"legal":63,"lookalikes":66,"majorSize":69,"maxWorkers":70,"meta":71,"nests":72,"nuptialFlightMonths":76,"nuptialFlightTime":79,"nuptialFlightTriggers":80,"polymorphism":82,"queenSize":83,"regions":84,"relatedPosts":87,"reviewedAt":65,"scientificName":91,"sources":92,"stem":179,"subfamily":180,"temperature":181,"tribe":184,"workerSize":185,"__hash__":188,"slug":189,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":192,"tagline":193},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.yml","Santschi, 1927","monogyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":10,"nuptialFlight":9},"medium","low",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"EG","IL","LB","SY","TR","IQ","IR","KW","SA","BH","AE","OM",[25],"bite",[27,28,29],"seeds","insects","sugar","2",[32,33],30,50,[35,36,37,38,39,40],"temperature","humidity","hibernationTemperature","workerSize","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","moderate",null,"recommended",[49,50],1,2,[52,53],15,18,[33,55],60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.jpg",{"author":58,"license":59,"url":60},"Moshe Neeman (משה נאמן, moshe_neeman)","CC BY 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Birulatus_israelensis_in_Israel.jpg",800,1200,{"status":64,"checked":65},"free","2026-10-11",[67,68],"Messor semirufus","Messor capitatus",10,5000,{},[73,74,75],"ytong","acrylic","naturalistic",[77,78],11,12,"morning",[81],"rain","polymorphic",[77,78],[85,86],"middleEast","northAfrica",[88,89,90],"how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","ytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","Messor ebeninus",[93,99,104,110,114,119,123,127,131,135,139,143,149,153,158,162,167,171,175],{"type":94,"title":95,"url":96,"covers":97},"reference","AntCat: Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927 (protonym Messor semirufus var. ebeninus, syntypes from Syria and Israel, valid species)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fprotonyms\u002F165791",[98],"taxonomy",{"type":100,"title":101,"url":102,"covers":103},"paper","Ward, Brady, Fisher and Schultz (2015), Systematic Entomology 40: The evolution of myrmicine ants, phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (the tribe Stenammini, with Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fsyen.12090",[98],{"type":100,"title":105,"url":106,"covers":107},"Tohmé (1969), Proceedings of the VIth IUSSI Congress, Bern: Essaimage et premiers stades du développement de Messor ebeninus (swarming of the semirufus group in Lebanon after the first autumn rains)","https:\u002F\u002Fdictionnaire-amoureux-des-fourmis.fr\u002FUIEIS-IUSSI\u002FIUSSI-Bern-1969\u002FIUSSI-Bern-1969-Tohme.pdf",[108,109],"biology","nuptialFlight",{"type":100,"title":111,"url":112,"covers":113},"Tohmé (1972), Insectes Sociaux 19: Le nid et le comportement de construction de la fourmi Messor ebeninus (two-level nest, dry granary above and damp brood chambers below, digging in the damp soil)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02224727",[108],{"type":100,"title":115,"url":116,"covers":117},"Salata, Lapeva-Gjonova, Georgiadis and Borowiec (2023), ZooKeys 1185: Review of the Messor semirufus complex in Greece (Messor ebeninus listed for the Middle East and eastern Turkey, the only uniformly black member of the complex in the Eastern Mediterranean, type material from Syria and Lebanon)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3897\u002Fzookeys.1185.111484",[98,118],"distribution",{"type":100,"title":120,"url":121,"covers":122},"Saar et al. (2023), bioRxiv preprint: Systematics of harvester ants (Messor) in Israel based on integrated morphological, genetic, and ecological data (M. ebeninus as a distinct lineage and the most widespread Messor in Israel, misidentifications with morphological keys)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.biorxiv.org\u002Fcontent\u002F10.1101\u002F2023.07.16.549226v1",[98,118,108],{"type":100,"title":124,"url":125,"covers":126},"Sharaf, Abdel-Dayem, Al Dhafer and Aldawood (2013), Zootaxa 3709: The ants of Rawdhat Khorim Nature Preserve, Saudi Arabia (Messor ebeninus widespread on the Arabian Peninsula, workers most active in April and December)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.11646\u002Fzootaxa.3709.6.6",[118,108],{"type":100,"title":128,"url":129,"covers":130},"O’Donnell, Bulova, Caponera, Oxman and Giladi (2020), Insectes Sociaux 67: Species differ in worker body size effects on critical thermal limits in seed-harvesting desert ants (Messor ebeninus and M. arenarius in the Negev)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00040-020-00782-5",[108,118],{"type":100,"title":132,"url":133,"covers":134},"Mor-Mussery and Budovsky (2017), Geography Environment Sustainability 10: Ecological and microtopographical impact of Messor ebeninus and Messor arenarius ants on arid loess rangelands of the northern Negev","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.24057\u002F2071-9388-2017-10-2-57-73",[108,118],{"type":94,"title":136,"url":137,"covers":138},"AntWiki: Messor ebeninus (country list, black color, absence of worker-produced males)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMessor_ebeninus",[98,108,118],{"type":94,"title":140,"url":141,"covers":142},"GBIF: Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927, occurrence records by country (Saudi Arabia, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, Syria, Bahrain, Oman, Iran)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1316390",[118],{"type":144,"title":145,"url":146,"covers":147},"careSheet","Antstore: Messor ebeninus (sizes, colony form, founding, climate of nest and arena, winter rest, diet, nests, flight at the end of November and the start of December)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FMessor-ebeninus.html",[148,108,109],"husbandry",{"type":144,"title":150,"url":151,"covers":152},"Best Ants UK: Messor ebeninus (sizes of the three worker classes, queen size, warmth, feeding in the outworld)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bestantsuk.com\u002Fproduct-page\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",[148,108],{"type":154,"title":155,"url":156,"covers":157},"forum","ANTSTORE forum: Messor ebeninus (2008 to 2009 thread: keepers say the species is harder to keep than Messor barbarus but not impossible, hibernates at a mild temperature in an unheated room and may skip the first winter; figures quoted from a source on Lebanese populations: monogyne, flights in November and December, queens laying from late February)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fforum\u002Ftopic7429.html",[148,109,108],{"type":144,"title":159,"url":160,"covers":161},"Ant Shack: Messor ebeninus care sheet (warm nest, humidity gradient, mild winter rest)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ant-shack.com\u002Fblogs\u002Fant-care-sheets-1\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",[148],{"type":94,"title":163,"url":164,"covers":165},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[166],"legal",{"type":94,"title":168,"url":169,"covers":170},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[166],{"type":94,"title":172,"url":173,"covers":174},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[166],{"type":94,"title":176,"url":177,"covers":178},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[166],"species\u002Fmessor-ebeninus","Myrmicinae",[182,183],22,28,"Stenammini",[186,187],4,8,"LrW1VkeQQL7YXMYFgJjOV3tD2aNsLYk7axu-jmS2RoY","messor-ebeninus","Messor","",[],"Una hormiga cosechadora de un negro ébano brillante de Oriente Medio que guarda sus semillas en el piso de arriba y deja la cría en la tierra húmeda, mucho más abajo.",{"id":195,"title":196,"aliases":192,"body":197,"description":191,"extension":202,"faqs":203,"identification":210,"language":211,"meta":212,"navigation":213,"nickname":191,"notes":214,"path":225,"seo":226,"stem":227,"tagline":193,"__hash__":228},"speciesProfiles\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.md","Messor Ebeninus",{"type":198,"value":199,"toc":200},"minimark",[],{"title":191,"searchDepth":50,"depth":50,"links":201},[],"md",[204,207],{"question":205,"answer":206},"¿Es Messor ebeninus solo una variante de color de Messor semirufus?","Empezó siéndolo: Santschi la describió en 1927 como una variedad de Messor semirufus, y más tarde se elevó a especie. Un preprint de 2023 sobre las hormigas cosechadoras de Israel descubrió que ebeninus forma su propio linaje genético y es la Messor más extendida del país, pero también que algunas hormigas identificadas como semirufus con las claves morfológicas habituales resultaron ser ebeninus. Esa es una de las razones por las que las tiendas suelen escribir cf. en el nombre.",{"question":208,"answer":209},"¿Cómo organizan su nido las colonias silvestres de Messor ebeninus?","Un estudio realizado a principios de la década de 1970 sobre el nido describe un pozo principal profundo con cámaras y galerías laterales, dividido en dos niveles. El nivel superior se mantiene seco en verano y funciona como granero, mientras que el nivel inferior llega hasta el borde del nivel freático y alberga a la reina y a la cría. Los experimentos mostraron que la reina y las obreras excavan en las partes húmedas del suelo, y que el verano largo, caluroso y seco empuja a la colonia hacia capas más profundas y húmedas.","Obreras brillantes y de un negro uniforme, de varios tamaños, con, como mucho, un tórax ligeramente rojizo en las más pequeñas, lo que las distingue de las mayores de cabeza roja de Messor barbarus. Las Messor de Oriente Medio son difíciles de distinguir incluso para los especialistas y las tiendas suelen escribir cf., así que esta ficha sigue la forma negra que se vende como ebeninus.","es",{},true,[215,218,220,223],{"kind":216,"text":217},"tip","Copia los dos pisos del nido silvestre: una parte superior seca para el almacén de semillas y una parte inferior húmeda para la reina y la cría. En un nido de Ytong o de yeso, humedece solo un extremo y deja seco el otro.",{"kind":216,"text":219},"Empieza con las primeras obreras dándoles semillas muy pequeñas y blandas. En un estudio de cría de reinas silvestres en el Líbano, las primeras obreras ignoraron las semillas grandes y duras de leguminosas y la comida azucarada, y las primeras colonias fracasaron por falta de semillas adecuadas hasta que se les ofrecieron semillas diminutas de la familia de los geranios.",{"kind":221,"text":222},"watchOut","Una reina capturada después del vuelo de otoño solo pone huevos a finales del invierno, así que es normal que un tubo pase meses sin huevos. Después la colonia joven crece despacio: en ese estudio solo tenía unas pocas docenas de obreras en el otoño siguiente.",{"kind":221,"text":224},"El agua abierta es una trampa en la que se ahogan las Messor, así que cubre los puntos de agua con piedrecitas o algodón. Da las semillas solo en la zona de forrajeo y retira las sobras antes de que se enmohezcan.","\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",{"description":191},"es\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus","pIoy7SbKSIWZ4mVzvI3B4syDPlY_XzS52ed_h3-r1KA",[230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241],"Arabia Saudí","Baréin","Egipto","Emiratos Árabes Unidos","Irak","Irán","Israel","Kuwait","Líbano","Omán","Siria","Turquía",[243,244],{"name":67,"slug":46},{"name":68,"slug":245},"messor-capitatus",[247,264,286],{"slug":248,"scientificName":249,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":250,"tagline":251,"image":252,"experience":41,"guide":46,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":253,"majorSize":69,"queenSize":254,"temperature":256,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":259,"hibernationBand":260,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":262},"messor-wasmanni","Messor wasmanni",[],"Una cosechadora de semillas de cabeza grande de los pastizales soleados de Italia y los Balcanes, con ordenados senderos hasta su nido y un nombre que todavía se escribe con un prudente cf.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-wasmanni.jpg",[186,187],[78,255],14,[182,257],26,"required",[78,52],"mild","large",[263,85],"europe",{"slug":265,"scientificName":266,"genus":190,"nickname":267,"aliases":268,"tagline":272,"image":273,"experience":274,"guide":275,"difficulty":276,"workerSize":277,"majorSize":255,"queenSize":279,"temperature":281,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":283,"hibernationBand":260,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":285},"messor-barbarus","Messor barbarus","Hormiga cosechadora",[269,270,271],"Hormiga granera","Hormiga granívora","Hormiga recolectora","Una cosechadora de semillas tranquila y torpe, con obreras mayores de cabeza enorme y mi favorita para principiantes.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002FMessor_barbarus_major_2.jpeg","firstHand","how-to-care-for-messor-barbarus","1",[278,187],3,[255,280],17,[282,257],21,[78,284],16,[263,86],{"slug":245,"scientificName":68,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":287,"tagline":288,"image":289,"experience":41,"guide":46,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":290,"majorSize":291,"queenSize":292,"temperature":293,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":294,"hibernationBand":295,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":296},[],"Una cosechadora de semillas de un negro brillante, con obreras mayores de cabeza enorme que muelen las semillas duras para hacer pan de hormiga en terrenos secos y pedregosos.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-capitatus.jpg",[186,187],13,[291,52],[182,183],[69,52],"cool",[263,86],[298,305,312],{"id":299,"title":300,"description":301,"image":302,"categoryText":303,"path":304},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","Cómo hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo - Cría de hormigas","En este tutorial aprenderás a hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo, ¡la mejor forma de crear el entorno ideal para una reina recién fecundada!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","Conceptos Básicos","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",{"id":306,"title":307,"description":308,"image":309,"categoryText":310,"path":311},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest.md","Ytong vs. acrílico: ¿qué es mejor para un nido de hormigas?","En este artículo vamos a hablar de dos de los tipos de nidos para hormigas más populares: los nidos de acrílico y los nidos de Ytong. ¡Vamos a compararlos!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_vs_acrylic.png","Comparaciones","\u002Fes\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest",{"id":313,"title":314,"description":315,"image":316,"categoryText":303,"path":317},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","Cómo hibernar a tus hormigas - Tutorial de hibernación","En esta guía vamos a hablar de la hibernación: ¿qué es? ¿Por qué necesitan hibernar las hormigas? ¿Debería hibernar a mis hormigas? ¡Vamos a verlo!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",1791900236496]