[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":371},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea":3},{"species":4,"profile":241,"countryNames":279,"lookalikes":291,"similar":296,"posts":350},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":12,"defense":24,"diet":27,"difficulty":30,"dryHumidity":31,"escapeRisk":9,"estimated":32,"experience":38,"extension":39,"finder":40,"founding":41,"growth":42,"guide":31,"hibernation":43,"hibernationMonths":44,"hibernationTemperature":47,"humidity":50,"image":53,"imageCredit":54,"imageHeight":58,"imageWidth":59,"interests":31,"keptSince":31,"legal":60,"lookalikes":63,"majorSize":31,"maxWorkers":67,"meta":68,"nests":69,"nuptialFlightMonths":73,"nuptialFlightTime":31,"nuptialFlightTriggers":31,"polymorphism":76,"queenSize":77,"regions":80,"relatedPosts":83,"reviewedAt":62,"scientificName":87,"sources":88,"stem":227,"subfamily":228,"temperature":229,"tribe":232,"workerSize":233,"__hash__":235,"slug":236,"genus":237,"nickname":238,"aliases":239,"tagline":240},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.yml","(Latreille, 1798)","polygyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":10,"nuptialFlight":11},"high","medium","low",[13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"ES","PT","FR","IT","CH","DE","SI","HR","GR","BG","TR",[25,26],"bite","acid",[28,29],"sugar","insects","5",null,[33,34,35,36,37],"humidity","hibernationTemperature","nuptialFlightMonths","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","moderate","recommended",[45,46],11,2,[48,49],10,15,[51,52],50,60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.jpg",{"author":55,"license":56,"url":57},"Philipp Hoenle (myrmecophil)","CC0 1.0","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F207801045",800,1200,{"status":61,"checked":62},"free","2026-10-11",[64,65,66],"Plagiolepis schmitzii","Plagiolepis pyrenaica","Solenopsis fugax",5000,{},[70,71,72],"ytong","sandwich","testTube",[74,75],6,8,"monomorphic",[78,79],3,4.5,[81,82],"europe","middleEast",[84,85,86],"how-to-make-a-ytong-nest","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","Plagiolepis pygmaea",[89,96,100,105,109,113,118,123,127,131,135,139,143,147,151,155,159,163,169,174,178,182,186,190,194,198,202,206,210,215,219,223],{"type":90,"title":91,"url":92,"covers":93},"paper","Passera, Gilbert and Aron (2001), Insectes Sociaux: Social parasitism in ants, effects of the inquiline Plagiolepis xene on queen distribution and worker production of its host Plagiolepis pygmaea (nests in south-facing embankments, seasonal polydomy, budding, laboratory colonies overwintered at 12 °C and kept for years on honey)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002FPL00001749",[94,95],"biology","husbandry",{"type":90,"title":97,"url":98,"covers":99},"Trontti, Aron and Sundström (2005), Molecular Ecology: Inbreeding and kinship in the ant Plagiolepis pygmaea (5 to 35 queens per nest, mating inside the nest, colony reproduction by budding)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1365-294X.2005.02529.x",[94],{"type":90,"title":101,"url":102,"covers":103},"Thurin and Aron (2009), Journal of Evolutionary Biology: Sib-mating in the ant Plagiolepis pygmaea, adaptive inbreeding? (colonies with several hundred queens, low male dispersal, workers repel foreign males)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fj.1420-9101.2009.01864.x",[94,104],"nuptialFlight",{"type":90,"title":106,"url":107,"covers":108},"Thurin and Aron (2008), Animal Behaviour: Seasonal nestmate recognition in the polydomous ant Plagiolepis pygmaea (workers of one colony never fight, but always attack other colonies)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.anbehav.2007.08.013",[94],{"type":90,"title":110,"url":111,"covers":112},"Trontti, Thurin, Sundström and Aron (2007), Behavioral Ecology: Mating for convenience or genetic diversity? Mating patterns in the polygynous ant Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fbeheco\u002Farl083",[94],{"type":114,"title":115,"url":116,"covers":117},"careSheet","formicarium.it: Scheda Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.formicarium.it\u002Fformiche-italiane\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94],{"type":119,"title":120,"url":121,"covers":122},"forum","formicarium.it forum: Diario allevamento Plagiolepis pygmaea (three queens caught in June, first workers after about six weeks, two queens killed the third)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=964",[95,104],{"type":119,"title":124,"url":125,"covers":126},"formicarium.it forum: Diario Plagiolepis pygmaea by humblebee (three queens and thirty workers from a stone in April, about 120 workers by August, crystallized honey)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=6477",[95],{"type":119,"title":128,"url":129,"covers":130},"formicarium.it forum: Le piccole Plagiolepis pygmaea (single queen from a polygynous nest, vaseline and moat as barrier, escapes and deaths)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4181",[95],{"type":119,"title":132,"url":133,"covers":134},"formicarium.it forum: Regine trovate a Roma (tiny queens found in Rome in early June, species not yet confirmed; an experienced keeper says such queens always found a colony and are easy to raise, but the nest must be hermetically closed and not porous)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4239",[95,104],{"type":119,"title":136,"url":137,"covers":138},"formicarium.it forum: Trasferimento Plagiolepis pygmaea (three queens against single queens, plaster mini-nests, dry nest)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=4883",[95],{"type":114,"title":140,"url":141,"covers":142},"Antstore: Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FPlagiolepis-pygmaea.html",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":144,"url":145,"covers":146},"Ameisenhaltung.de: Artenverzeichnis, Plagiolepis pygmaea (honeypot workers, endangered in Germany)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenhaltung.de\u002Fartenverzeichnis\u002Fentry\u002F271-plagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":148,"url":149,"covers":150},"Hormigueando: Ficha de cria de Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fhormigueando.com\u002Ffichas-de-cria\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[95,94,104],{"type":114,"title":152,"url":153,"covers":154},"FormicaMarket: Plagiolepis pygmaea care guide","https:\u002F\u002Fformicamarket.com\u002Fen\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95,104],{"type":114,"title":156,"url":157,"covers":158},"AntScout: Plagiolepis pygmaea (care sheet compiled from the literature)","https:\u002F\u002Fantscout.com\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95,94],{"type":114,"title":160,"url":161,"covers":162},"Ant Shack: Plagiolepis pygmaea care sheet","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ant-shack.com\u002Fpages\u002Fencyclopedia-entry\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",[95],{"type":164,"title":165,"url":166,"covers":167},"reference","DEpository: Plagiolepis pygmaea (fauna of Germany, winged ants in July and August, colonies spread by division)","https:\u002F\u002Fwwwuser.gwdguser.de\u002F~nprpic\u002Fwebrepository\u002Fmetazoa\u002Farthropoda\u002Finsecta\u002Fhymenoptera\u002Fformicidae\u002Fplagiolepis\u002Fplagiolepispyg.html",[168,94,104],"distribution",{"type":164,"title":170,"url":171,"covers":172},"AntCat: Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), valid species of the Formicinae","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F444985",[173],"taxonomy",{"type":164,"title":175,"url":176,"covers":177},"AntWiki: Plagiolepis pygmaea","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlagiolepis_pygmaea",[173,168,94],{"type":164,"title":179,"url":180,"covers":181},"Antkeeping.info: Plagiolepis pygmaea (country list and sizes taken from AntWiki)","https:\u002F\u002Fantkeeping.info\u002Fants\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea\u002F",[173,168,94],{"type":164,"title":183,"url":184,"covers":185},"Wikipedia: Plagiolepis pygmaea (range from Portugal and the Canary Islands to Iran, after Boer 2008)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlagiolepis_pygmaea",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":187,"url":188,"covers":189},"AntCat: Plagiolepis barbara Santschi, 1911 (the North African ant first described as a variety of P. pygmaea from Tunisia and Algeria, now a valid species, so old North African pygmaea records are not counted in the native range)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F444913",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":191,"url":192,"covers":193},"Alarcón: Claves de identificación de obreras de Plagiolepis de la Península Ibérica (funicular proportions used to separate P. pygmaea from P. schmitzii)","https:\u002F\u002Fpacoalarcon.com\u002Fformicidae\u002Fclaves_plagiolepis.pdf",[173],{"type":164,"title":195,"url":196,"covers":197},"Dictionnaire amoureux des fourmis: Plagiolepis (taxonomic history of the genus and the cryptic pygmaea, taurica and pyrenaica group)","https:\u002F\u002Fdictionnaire-amoureux-des-fourmis.fr\u002FEspeces\u002FPlagiolepis\u002FPlagiolepis.htm",[173,94],{"type":90,"title":199,"url":200,"covers":201},"Trigos-Peral and Czechowski (2025), Fragmenta Faunistica: Plagiolepis pygmaea, an introduced ant species new to Poland (northernmost record, not part of the native range)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3161\u002F00159301ff2025.68.1.06",[168],{"type":164,"title":203,"url":204,"covers":205},"AntFlights: Plagiolepis pygmaea, one flight record (Andalucia, 12 July 2026, 22:50, 25 °C, calm, confirmation pending)","https:\u002F\u002Fantflights.com\u002Fstats\u002Fflights\u002FPlagiolepis\u002Fpygmaea",[104],{"type":164,"title":207,"url":208,"covers":209},"GBIF: Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), occurrence records by country","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1320777",[173,168],{"type":164,"title":211,"url":212,"covers":213},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[214],"legal",{"type":164,"title":216,"url":217,"covers":218},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany (only Formica among the ants)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[214],{"type":164,"title":220,"url":221,"covers":222},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[214],{"type":164,"title":224,"url":225,"covers":226},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[214],"species\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea","Formicinae",[230,231],21,28,"Plagiolepidini",[234,46],1.3,"R3sdXVlMaNgaA1dYN-98kPsDJ0i9zOegVHxnfpzOxl8","plagiolepis-pygmaea","Plagiolepis","",[],"Una hormiga del tamaño de la cabeza de un alfiler, amante del sol, que vive en redes de nidos con muchas reinas y se cuela por el hueco más pequeño.",{"id":242,"title":243,"aliases":239,"body":244,"description":238,"extension":249,"faqs":250,"identification":260,"language":261,"meta":262,"navigation":263,"nickname":238,"notes":264,"path":275,"seo":276,"stem":277,"tagline":240,"__hash__":278},"speciesProfiles\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea.md","Plagiolepis Pygmaea",{"type":245,"value":246,"toc":247},"minimark",[],{"title":238,"searchDepth":46,"depth":46,"links":248},[],"md",[251,254,257],{"question":252,"answer":253},"¿Puede una reina de Plagiolepis pygmaea fundar una colonia por sí sola?","Sí. En la naturaleza las colonias se extienden sobre todo por gemación, cuando nuevas reinas y obreras se instalan en un nido cercano, pero los criadores cuentan que reinas solas o grupos pequeños crían a sus primeras obreras en un tubo de ensayo sin que se las alimente. Los grupos parecen ir mejor: un criador italiano tenía unas treinta obreras de tres reinas a finales de julio, mientras que las reinas solas tenían solo tres o cuatro. Sin embargo, los grupos también pueden reducirse, ya que en dos informes un grupo de reinas acabó con una sola.",{"question":255,"answer":256},"¿Por qué vive Plagiolepis pygmaea en tantos nidos a la vez?","Una colonia se reparte entre varios nidos que intercambian obreras, cría y reinas, lo que se llama polidomia. En un estudio de campo realizado en Francia, las colonias se dividían en primavera en muchos nidos cercanos entre sí y volvían a fusionarse a finales del verano para pasar el invierno. La mayoría de los nidos albergaban solo obreras, mientras que las reinas se concentraban en unos pocos.",{"question":258,"answer":259},"¿Puedo juntar dos colonias de Plagiolepis pygmaea?","Mejor no. En un estudio de una población natural del sur de Francia, las obreras de distintos nidos de la misma colonia nunca se pelearon, pero siempre fueron hostiles con las obreras de otras colonias, por cercanas o emparentadas que estuvieran. Las obreras también ahuyentan a los machos sin parentesco, así que mantén separadas las colonias recogidas en lugares distintos.","Obreras diminutas, de color marrón brillante a negruzco, a menudo con las patas y las antenas amarillentas más pálidas, tan pequeñas que parecen motitas en movimiento, y con el abdomen que se hincha y se redondea cuando están llenas de alimento líquido. Existen varias especies de Plagiolepis muy parecidas, así que para identificarla con seguridad hace falta un microscopio: las diferencias son pequeños detalles, como las proporciones de los segmentos de las antenas.","es",{},true,[265,268,271,273],{"kind":266,"text":267},"tip","Ofrece el azúcar como una mancha de miel cristalizada o sobre un trocito diminuto de papel de aluminio, y mantén el algodón solo ligeramente húmedo: una sola gota o un tapón empapado pueden atrapar o ahogar a varias obreras a la vez.",{"kind":269,"text":270},"watchOut","Planifica la barrera antifugas antes de que nazcan las primeras obreras y vigila cada unión: las obreras se amontonan en el estrecho hueco entre un tubo de ensayo y su tapón o un tubo de conexión, y los criadores italianos perdieron a muchas allí, aplastadas cuando el plástico volvió a expandirse tras el descanso invernal o muertas por accidente al abrir el tapón.",{"kind":266,"text":272},"Copia su hábitat natural de suelo seco, caldeado por el sol y con piedras. Dale al nido un lado cálido y una zona más seca junto a las cámaras de cría húmedas, y deja que la colonia elija dónde poner la cría.",{"kind":269,"text":274},"Ofrece presas diminutas ya muertas, como moscas de la fruta o trozos de mosquito, porque los criadores italianos desaconsejan los insectos vivos para hormigas tan pequeñas (los colémbolos son la excepción), y retira las sobras antes de que se enmohezcan. El azúcar es el alimento básico y las colonias de laboratorio han llegado a vivir años solo con miel, pero pequeñas raciones de proteína a intervalos regulares alimentan a una cría de crecimiento rápido.","\u002Fes\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea",{"description":238},"es\u002Fspecies\u002Fplagiolepis-pygmaea","qpZQpPd2n9XxzJ-PBLHmMOFFDd9TOVnL2MFGkxmFHu8",[280,281,282,283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290],"Alemania","Bulgaria","Croacia","Eslovenia","España","Francia","Grecia","Italia","Portugal","Suiza","Turquía",[292,293,294],{"name":64,"slug":31},{"name":65,"slug":31},{"name":66,"slug":295},"solenopsis-fugax",[297,318,336],{"slug":298,"scientificName":299,"genus":300,"nickname":301,"aliases":302,"tagline":303,"image":304,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":305,"majorSize":49,"queenSize":306,"temperature":308,"hibernation":311,"hibernationTemperature":312,"hibernationBand":313,"sizeClass":314,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":315,"regions":316},"camponotus-cruentatus","Camponotus cruentatus","Camponotus","Hormiga maderera",[],"Un gigante mediterráneo de un negro mate con una banda rojo óxido que cruza el gáster, tímido mientras es pequeño y ferozmente territorial cuando la colonia crece.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-cruentatus.jpg",[74,48],[49,307],18,[309,310],25,30,"required",[48,49],"cool","large","monogyne",[81,317],"northAfrica",{"slug":319,"scientificName":320,"genus":321,"nickname":238,"aliases":322,"tagline":323,"image":324,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":325,"workerSize":326,"majorSize":31,"queenSize":328,"temperature":330,"hibernation":43,"hibernationTemperature":333,"hibernationBand":313,"sizeClass":10,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":315,"regions":335},"aphaenogaster-subterranea","Aphaenogaster subterranea","Aphaenogaster",[],"Una hormiga de bosque esbelta y discreta que anida bajo las piedras, caza en silencio en la hojarasca y lleva los líquidos dulces al nido sobre granos de tierra empapados.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Faphaenogaster-subterranea.jpg","4",[78,327],5,[329,75],7,[331,332],20,26,[75,334],12,[81],{"slug":337,"scientificName":338,"genus":300,"nickname":238,"aliases":339,"tagline":340,"image":341,"experience":38,"guide":31,"difficulty":325,"workerSize":342,"majorSize":343,"queenSize":344,"temperature":345,"hibernation":43,"hibernationTemperature":347,"hibernationBand":313,"sizeClass":314,"founding":41,"colonyStructure":315,"regions":348},"camponotus-japonicus","Camponotus japonicus",[],"Un gigante robusto y de un negro mate de los campos y parques de Asia oriental que crece despacio, pero que puede seguir con la misma reina durante muchos años.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-japonicus.jpg",[74,334],14,[49,307],[346,231],22,[75,334],[349],"asia",[351,358,365],{"id":352,"title":353,"description":354,"image":355,"categoryText":356,"path":357},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest.md","Cómo hacer un nido de Ytong - Tutorial de cría de hormigas","¡En este tutorial aprenderás a hacer un nido de Ytong para tus colonias de hormigas! ¡Es uno de los mejores tipos de nido para muchas especies de hormigas!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_ant_nest_tutorial.png","Tutoriales","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest",{"id":359,"title":360,"description":361,"image":362,"categoryText":363,"path":364},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","Cómo hibernar a tus hormigas - Tutorial de hibernación","En esta guía vamos a hablar de la hibernación: ¿qué es? ¿Por qué necesitan hibernar las hormigas? ¿Debería hibernar a mis hormigas? ¡Vamos a verlo!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","Conceptos Básicos","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",{"id":366,"title":367,"description":368,"image":369,"categoryText":363,"path":370},"blog\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","Cómo hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo - Cría de hormigas","En este tutorial aprenderás a hacer un montaje en tubo de ensayo, ¡la mejor forma de crear el entorno ideal para una reina recién fecundada!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","\u002Fes\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",1791900237162]