[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":316},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus":3},{"species":4,"profile":194,"countryNames":229,"lookalikes":242,"similar":246,"posts":295},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":11,"defense":24,"diet":26,"difficulty":30,"dryHumidity":31,"escapeRisk":10,"estimated":34,"experience":41,"extension":42,"finder":43,"founding":44,"growth":45,"guide":46,"hibernation":47,"hibernationMonths":48,"hibernationTemperature":51,"humidity":54,"image":56,"imageCredit":57,"imageHeight":61,"imageWidth":62,"interests":46,"keptSince":46,"legal":63,"lookalikes":66,"majorSize":69,"maxWorkers":70,"meta":71,"nests":72,"nuptialFlightMonths":76,"nuptialFlightTime":79,"nuptialFlightTriggers":80,"polymorphism":82,"queenSize":83,"regions":84,"relatedPosts":87,"reviewedAt":65,"scientificName":91,"sources":92,"stem":179,"subfamily":180,"temperature":181,"tribe":184,"workerSize":185,"__hash__":188,"slug":189,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":192,"tagline":193},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.yml","Santschi, 1927","monogyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":10,"nuptialFlight":9},"medium","low",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"EG","IL","LB","SY","TR","IQ","IR","KW","SA","BH","AE","OM",[25],"bite",[27,28,29],"seeds","insects","sugar","2",[32,33],30,50,[35,36,37,38,39,40],"temperature","humidity","hibernationTemperature","workerSize","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","moderate",null,"recommended",[49,50],1,2,[52,53],15,18,[33,55],60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.jpg",{"author":58,"license":59,"url":60},"Moshe Neeman (משה נאמן, moshe_neeman)","CC BY 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fcommons.wikimedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFile:Birulatus_israelensis_in_Israel.jpg",800,1200,{"status":64,"checked":65},"free","2026-10-11",[67,68],"Messor semirufus","Messor capitatus",10,5000,{},[73,74,75],"ytong","acrylic","naturalistic",[77,78],11,12,"morning",[81],"rain","polymorphic",[77,78],[85,86],"middleEast","northAfrica",[88,89,90],"how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","ytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","Messor ebeninus",[93,99,104,110,114,119,123,127,131,135,139,143,149,153,158,162,167,171,175],{"type":94,"title":95,"url":96,"covers":97},"reference","AntCat: Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927 (protonym Messor semirufus var. ebeninus, syntypes from Syria and Israel, valid species)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fprotonyms\u002F165791",[98],"taxonomy",{"type":100,"title":101,"url":102,"covers":103},"paper","Ward, Brady, Fisher and Schultz (2015), Systematic Entomology 40: The evolution of myrmicine ants, phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (the tribe Stenammini, with Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1111\u002Fsyen.12090",[98],{"type":100,"title":105,"url":106,"covers":107},"Tohmé (1969), Proceedings of the VIth IUSSI Congress, Bern: Essaimage et premiers stades du développement de Messor ebeninus (swarming of the semirufus group in Lebanon after the first autumn rains)","https:\u002F\u002Fdictionnaire-amoureux-des-fourmis.fr\u002FUIEIS-IUSSI\u002FIUSSI-Bern-1969\u002FIUSSI-Bern-1969-Tohme.pdf",[108,109],"biology","nuptialFlight",{"type":100,"title":111,"url":112,"covers":113},"Tohmé (1972), Insectes Sociaux 19: Le nid et le comportement de construction de la fourmi Messor ebeninus (two-level nest, dry granary above and damp brood chambers below, digging in the damp soil)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002FBF02224727",[108],{"type":100,"title":115,"url":116,"covers":117},"Salata, Lapeva-Gjonova, Georgiadis and Borowiec (2023), ZooKeys 1185: Review of the Messor semirufus complex in Greece (Messor ebeninus listed for the Middle East and eastern Turkey, the only uniformly black member of the complex in the Eastern Mediterranean, type material from Syria and Lebanon)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3897\u002Fzookeys.1185.111484",[98,118],"distribution",{"type":100,"title":120,"url":121,"covers":122},"Saar et al. (2023), bioRxiv preprint: Systematics of harvester ants (Messor) in Israel based on integrated morphological, genetic, and ecological data (M. ebeninus as a distinct lineage and the most widespread Messor in Israel, misidentifications with morphological keys)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.biorxiv.org\u002Fcontent\u002F10.1101\u002F2023.07.16.549226v1",[98,118,108],{"type":100,"title":124,"url":125,"covers":126},"Sharaf, Abdel-Dayem, Al Dhafer and Aldawood (2013), Zootaxa 3709: The ants of Rawdhat Khorim Nature Preserve, Saudi Arabia (Messor ebeninus widespread on the Arabian Peninsula, workers most active in April and December)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.11646\u002Fzootaxa.3709.6.6",[118,108],{"type":100,"title":128,"url":129,"covers":130},"O’Donnell, Bulova, Caponera, Oxman and Giladi (2020), Insectes Sociaux 67: Species differ in worker body size effects on critical thermal limits in seed-harvesting desert ants (Messor ebeninus and M. arenarius in the Negev)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1007\u002Fs00040-020-00782-5",[108,118],{"type":100,"title":132,"url":133,"covers":134},"Mor-Mussery and Budovsky (2017), Geography Environment Sustainability 10: Ecological and microtopographical impact of Messor ebeninus and Messor arenarius ants on arid loess rangelands of the northern Negev","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.24057\u002F2071-9388-2017-10-2-57-73",[108,118],{"type":94,"title":136,"url":137,"covers":138},"AntWiki: Messor ebeninus (country list, black color, absence of worker-produced males)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMessor_ebeninus",[98,108,118],{"type":94,"title":140,"url":141,"covers":142},"GBIF: Messor ebeninus Santschi, 1927, occurrence records by country (Saudi Arabia, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, Syria, Bahrain, Oman, Iran)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1316390",[118],{"type":144,"title":145,"url":146,"covers":147},"careSheet","Antstore: Messor ebeninus (sizes, colony form, founding, climate of nest and arena, winter rest, diet, nests, flight at the end of November and the start of December)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FMessor-ebeninus.html",[148,108,109],"husbandry",{"type":144,"title":150,"url":151,"covers":152},"Best Ants UK: Messor ebeninus (sizes of the three worker classes, queen size, warmth, feeding in the outworld)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.bestantsuk.com\u002Fproduct-page\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",[148,108],{"type":154,"title":155,"url":156,"covers":157},"forum","ANTSTORE forum: Messor ebeninus (2008 to 2009 thread: keepers say the species is harder to keep than Messor barbarus but not impossible, hibernates at a mild temperature in an unheated room and may skip the first winter; figures quoted from a source on Lebanese populations: monogyne, flights in November and December, queens laying from late February)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fforum\u002Ftopic7429.html",[148,109,108],{"type":144,"title":159,"url":160,"covers":161},"Ant Shack: Messor ebeninus care sheet (warm nest, humidity gradient, mild winter rest)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ant-shack.com\u002Fblogs\u002Fant-care-sheets-1\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",[148],{"type":94,"title":163,"url":164,"covers":165},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[166],"legal",{"type":94,"title":168,"url":169,"covers":170},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[166],{"type":94,"title":172,"url":173,"covers":174},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[166],{"type":94,"title":176,"url":177,"covers":178},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[166],"species\u002Fmessor-ebeninus","Myrmicinae",[182,183],22,28,"Stenammini",[186,187],4,8,"LrW1VkeQQL7YXMYFgJjOV3tD2aNsLYk7axu-jmS2RoY","messor-ebeninus","Messor","",[],"Une moissonneuse d'un noir d'ébène luisant du Moyen-Orient, qui stocke ses graines à l'étage et élève son couvain dans la terre humide, bien plus bas.",{"id":195,"title":196,"aliases":192,"body":197,"description":191,"extension":202,"faqs":203,"identification":210,"language":211,"meta":212,"navigation":213,"nickname":191,"notes":214,"path":225,"seo":226,"stem":227,"tagline":193,"__hash__":228},"speciesProfiles\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.md","Messor Ebeninus",{"type":198,"value":199,"toc":200},"minimark",[],{"title":191,"searchDepth":50,"depth":50,"links":201},[],"md",[204,207],{"question":205,"answer":206},"Messor ebeninus n'est-elle qu'une forme colorée de Messor semirufus ?","Au départ, c'en était une : Santschi l'a décrite en 1927 comme une variété de Messor semirufus, avant qu'elle ne soit élevée au rang d'espèce. Une prépublication de 2023 sur les fourmis moissonneuses d'Israël a montré qu'ebeninus forme sa propre lignée génétique et qu'elle est le Messor le plus répandu du pays, mais aussi que certaines fourmis identifiées comme semirufus avec les clés morphologiques habituelles s'avéraient être des ebeninus. C'est l'une des raisons pour lesquelles les boutiques écrivent souvent cf. dans le nom.",{"question":208,"answer":209},"Comment les colonies sauvages de Messor ebeninus aménagent-elles leur nid ?","Une étude du nid au début des années 1970 décrit un puits principal profond, avec des chambres et des galeries latérales, réparti sur deux niveaux. Le niveau supérieur reste sec en été et sert de grenier, tandis que le niveau inférieur descend jusqu'au bord de la nappe phréatique et abrite la reine et le couvain. Des expériences ont montré que la reine et les ouvrières creusent dans les parties humides du sol, et que l'été long, chaud et sec pousse la colonie vers des couches plus profondes et plus humides.","Des ouvrières brillantes, d'un noir uniforme et de plusieurs tailles, avec au plus un thorax légèrement rougeâtre chez les plus petites, ce qui les distingue des majors à tête rouge de Messor barbarus. Les Messor du Moyen-Orient sont difficiles à distinguer, même pour les spécialistes, et les boutiques écrivent souvent cf. : cette fiche suit donc la forme noire vendue sous le nom d'ebeninus.","fr",{},true,[215,218,220,223],{"kind":216,"text":217},"tip","Reproduisez les deux étages du nid sauvage : une partie haute sèche pour la réserve de graines et une partie basse humide pour la reine et le couvain. Dans un nid en Ytong ou en plâtre, n'humidifiez qu'une extrémité et laissez l'autre sèche.",{"kind":216,"text":219},"Commencez par donner aux premières ouvrières de très petites graines tendres. Dans une étude d'élevage de reines sauvages au Liban, les premières ouvrières ont ignoré les grosses graines dures de légumineuses et les aliments sucrés, et les jeunes colonies ont échoué faute de graines adaptées, jusqu'à ce qu'on leur propose de minuscules graines de la famille des géraniums.",{"kind":221,"text":222},"watchOut","Une reine capturée après le vol nuptial d'automne ne pond qu'à la fin de l'hiver : un tube sans œufs pendant des mois est donc normal. La jeune colonie grandit ensuite lentement : dans cette étude, elle ne comptait que quelques dizaines d'ouvrières à l'automne suivant.",{"kind":221,"text":224},"L'eau libre est un piège mortel pour les Messor, qui s'y noient : recouvrez les points d'eau de petites pierres ou de coton. Ne donnez les graines que dans l'aire de chasse et retirez les restes avant qu'ils ne moisissent.","\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus",{"description":191},"fr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus","A0eoXhD_X9eUjYsdY4Sk3RusefZR7o_yWpVte7NV1Rs",[230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241],"Arabie saoudite","Bahreïn","Égypte","Émirats arabes unis","Irak","Iran","Israël","Koweït","Liban","Oman","Syrie","Turquie",[243,244],{"name":67,"slug":46},{"name":68,"slug":245},"messor-capitatus",[247,264,284],{"slug":248,"scientificName":249,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":250,"tagline":251,"image":252,"experience":41,"guide":46,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":253,"majorSize":69,"queenSize":254,"temperature":256,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":259,"hibernationBand":260,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":262},"messor-wasmanni","Messor wasmanni",[],"Une moissonneuse à grosse tête des prairies ensoleillées d'Italie et des Balkans, aux pistes bien ordonnées vers son nid et dont le nom s'écrit encore avec un prudent cf.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-wasmanni.jpg",[186,187],[78,255],14,[182,257],26,"required",[78,52],"mild","large",[263,85],"europe",{"slug":265,"scientificName":266,"genus":190,"nickname":267,"aliases":268,"tagline":270,"image":271,"experience":272,"guide":273,"difficulty":274,"workerSize":275,"majorSize":255,"queenSize":277,"temperature":279,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":281,"hibernationBand":260,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":283},"messor-barbarus","Messor barbarus","Fourmi moissonneuse",[269],"Fourmi barbaresque","Une moissonneuse calme et un peu maladroite, aux majors à énorme tête, et mon premier choix pour les débutants.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002FMessor_barbarus_major_2.jpeg","firstHand","how-to-care-for-messor-barbarus","1",[276,187],3,[255,278],17,[280,257],21,[78,282],16,[263,86],{"slug":245,"scientificName":68,"genus":190,"nickname":191,"aliases":285,"tagline":286,"image":287,"experience":41,"guide":46,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":288,"majorSize":289,"queenSize":290,"temperature":291,"hibernation":258,"hibernationTemperature":292,"hibernationBand":293,"sizeClass":261,"founding":44,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":294},[],"Une moissonneuse d'un noir luisant, aux majors à grosse tête qui broient les graines dures en pain de fourmi sur les sols secs et rocailleux.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-capitatus.jpg",[186,187],13,[289,52],[182,183],[69,52],"cool",[263,86],[296,303,310],{"id":297,"title":298,"description":299,"image":300,"categoryText":301,"path":302},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","Comment préparer une installation en tube à essai - Bases","Dans ce tutoriel, apprenez à préparer une installation en tube à essai, la meilleure façon d'offrir un environnement idéal à une reine fraîchement fécondée !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","Bases","\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",{"id":304,"title":305,"description":306,"image":307,"categoryText":308,"path":309},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest.md","Ytong vs acrylique - Lequel choisir pour un nid de fourmis ?","Dans cet article, nous allons parler de deux des types de nids de fourmis les plus populaires : les nids en acrylique et les nids en Ytong ! Comparons-les !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_vs_acrylic.png","Comparatifs de produits","\u002Ffr\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest",{"id":311,"title":312,"description":313,"image":314,"categoryText":301,"path":315},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","Comment faire hiverner vos fourmis - Tutoriel d'hivernation","Dans ce guide, parlons de l'hivernation : qu'est-ce que c'est ? Pourquoi les fourmis en ont-elles besoin ? Dois-je faire hiverner mes fourmis ? Voyons ça !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",1791900246470]