[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":364},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus":3},{"species":4,"profile":235,"countryNames":274,"lookalikes":287,"similar":294,"comparisons":335,"posts":342},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":11,"defense":24,"diet":26,"difficulty":30,"dryHumidity":31,"escapeRisk":10,"estimated":34,"experience":42,"extension":43,"finder":44,"founding":45,"growth":46,"guide":47,"hibernation":48,"hibernationMonths":49,"hibernationTemperature":51,"humidity":54,"image":57,"imageCredit":58,"imageHeight":62,"imageWidth":63,"interests":47,"keptSince":47,"legal":64,"lookalikes":67,"majorSize":52,"maxWorkers":71,"meta":72,"nests":73,"nuptialFlightMonths":77,"nuptialFlightTime":47,"nuptialFlightTriggers":47,"polymorphism":80,"queenSize":81,"regions":83,"relatedPosts":85,"reviewedAt":66,"scientificName":89,"sources":90,"stem":221,"subfamily":222,"temperature":223,"tribe":226,"workerSize":227,"__hash__":229,"slug":230,"genus":231,"nickname":232,"aliases":233,"tagline":234},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus.yml","Santschi, 1925","facultative",{"biology":9,"husbandry":9,"nuptialFlight":10},"medium","low",[12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23],"ES","PT","FR","IT","MT","CH","DE","SI","HR","RO","BG","GR",[25],"bite",[27,28,29],"seeds","insects","sugar",2,[32,33],30,50,[35,36,37,38,39,40,41],"temperature","humidity","hibernationTemperature","nuptialFlightMonths","workerSize","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","fast",null,"recommended",[50,30],11,[52,53],10,15,[55,56],40,60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus\u002Fmessor-ibericus.jpg",{"author":59,"license":60,"url":61},"Jonghyun Park (clurarit)","CC BY 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F242538913",800,1200,{"status":65,"checked":66},"free","2026-10-26",[68,69,70],"Messor structor","Messor capitatus","Messor wasmanni",3500,{},[74,75,76],"ytong","sandwich","acrylic",[78,79],4,6,"polymorphic",[82,52],9,[84],"europe",[86,87,88],"how-to-make-a-ytong-nest","how-to-care-for-messor-barbarus","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","Messor ibericus",[91,97,101,106,113,118,122,126,130,134,138,142,146,150,154,158,163,167,171,175,179,183,188,192,196,200,205,209,213,217],{"type":92,"title":93,"url":94,"covers":95},"reference","AntCat: Messor ibericus Santschi, 1925, valid species (protonym Messor structor var. ibericus, lectotype from Gavà, Catalonia, designated by Steiner et al. 2018, with Messor structor novaki Finzi, 1929 from Dalmatia as a junior synonym)","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F440092",[96],"taxonomy",{"type":92,"title":98,"url":99,"covers":100},"Catalogue of Life: Messor ibericus Santschi, 1925 (AntCat classification: Myrmicinae, Stenammini)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.catalogueoflife.org\u002Fdata\u002Ftaxon\u002F42824",[96],{"type":102,"title":103,"url":104,"covers":105},"paper","Steiner et al. (2018), Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 127: Turning one into five, integrative taxonomy uncovers complex evolution of cryptic species in the harvester ant Messor structor (M. ibericus redescribed as one of the five species once lumped under structor)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1016\u002Fj.ympev.2018.04.005",[96],{"type":102,"title":107,"url":108,"covers":109},"Juvé et al. (2025), Nature 646: One mother for two species via obligate cross-species cloning in ants (all workers are first-generation hybrids with M. structor fathers, queens clone M. structor males from stored sperm, hybrid workers in 69 Mediterranean populations without M. structor and in Sicily over 1000 km from it, 65 laboratory colonies kept in a room at 25 °C and 40% humidity and fed grass seeds)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1038\u002Fs41586-025-09425-w",[96,110,111,112],"biology","distribution","husbandry",{"type":102,"title":114,"url":115,"covers":116},"Schlick-Steiner et al. (2006), European Journal of Entomology 103: More than one species of Messor harvester ants in Central Europe (the German populations near Mainz, now assigned to M. ibericus, are reported after Heller 1971 to swarm and keep their colonies strictly separate, unlike the Lower Austrian ones)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.eje.cz\u002Fpdfs\u002Feje\u002F2006\u002F02\u002F25.pdf",[110,111,117],"nuptialFlight",{"type":102,"title":119,"url":120,"covers":121},"Lapeva-Gjonova, Gjonov, Kostova and Mifsud (2025), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: Vibroacoustic signalling of the Maltese Messor ants, with geographical insights into M. ibericus (range from Spain to Greece and Bulgaria, from Germany at 50° N to Crete and Malta, nests under stones, more typical of lower altitudes than M. structor, workers and queens active at night on Gozo)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3897\u002Fjhr.98.170415",[96,110,111],{"type":102,"title":123,"url":124,"covers":125},"Giannetti, Schifani and Grasso (2025), Current Zoology 71: An adhesive drone trap to study the flight altitude preferences of winged ants (Messor ibericus nuptial flights on 9 May 2022 and 30 April 2023 between 11:00 and 14:00 at 24 to 25 °C, queens and males caught 60 to 75 m up)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.1093\u002Fcz\u002Fzoaf002",[117],{"type":102,"title":127,"url":128,"covers":129},"Lebas (2021), Osmia 9: Influence des activités humaines sur la répartition des fourmis du genre Messor dans les Pyrénées-Orientales (M. ibericus in gorse scrub, roadsides, banks, vineyards and gardens, largest populations along irrigation ditches, an almost strictly Mediterranean range with a pocket in Germany)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.47446\u002FOSMIA9.9",[110,111],{"type":102,"title":131,"url":132,"covers":133},"Lapeva-Gjonova and Antonova (2022), Biodiversity Data Journal 10: An updated checklist of ants of Bulgaria, after 130 years of research (M. ibericus recorded for Bulgaria by Steiner et al. 2018)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3897\u002FBDJ.10.e95599",[111],{"type":102,"title":135,"url":136,"covers":137},"Lapeva-Gjonova et al. (2025), Biodiversity Data Journal 13: DNA barcoding of Messor ants of Bulgaria (the COI barcode separates M. ibericus, whose workers are hybrids with M. structor)","https:\u002F\u002Fdoi.org\u002F10.3897\u002Fbdj.13.e168586",[96,111],{"type":92,"title":139,"url":140,"covers":141},"AntWiki: Messor ibericus (told from M. structor and M. muticus by the short first funicular segment and the scape base without a lobe, the smallest queens of the complex, the most common structor-group species in Greece, open habitats, country list, swarming and separate colonies near Mainz)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMessor_ibericus",[96,110,111],{"type":92,"title":143,"url":144,"covers":145},"GBIF: Messor ibericus, occurrence records by country (Italy, Spain, France, Switzerland, Greece, Germany, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Portugal) and the English name Iberian harvester ant from the Catalogue of Life","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1316409",[96,111],{"type":92,"title":147,"url":148,"covers":149},"Wikipedia: Messor ibericus (Iberian harvester ant, xenoparity)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMessor_ibericus",[96,110],{"type":92,"title":151,"url":152,"covers":153},"Wikipedia (Spanish): Messor ibericus, hormiga cosechadora ibérica (warm, open and dry habitats such as scrub, grassland, roadsides, open pine woods and olive groves)","https:\u002F\u002Fes.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMessor_ibericus",[96,110,111],{"type":92,"title":155,"url":156,"covers":157},"iNaturalist: Messor ibericus observations annotated as male (only ten records, several not yet verified, in March and April and again from September to November)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations?taxon_id=840243&term_id=9&term_value_id=11",[117],{"type":159,"title":160,"url":161,"covers":162},"careSheet","Ameisenforum.de: Steckbrief Messor ibericus, früher Messor structor (sizes, mostly polygyne colonies that spread by budding, Ytong nest with a damp area and larger dry areas, winter rest from late October to March in Central Europe)","https:\u002F\u002Fameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=31069",[112,110,111,117],{"type":159,"title":164,"url":165,"covers":166},"formicarium.it: Scheda di allevamento di Messor structor (Italian populations, which recent studies assign to M. ibericus: polygynous colonies, no true nuptial flight, budding, nest at 22 to 28 °C, optional winter rest at 5 to 15 °C, plaster, Ytong or soil sandwich nests, digging into damp plaster, sweet fruit preferred to honey)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fformiche-italiane\u002Fmessor-structor\u002F",[112,110],{"type":159,"title":168,"url":169,"covers":170},"Ants R Us: Messor ibericus starter kit (claustral founding, nest 18 to 26 °C, 50 to 60% humidity, winter rest from November to February at 15 °C)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antsrus.com\u002Fproduct-page\u002Fmessor-ibericus-starter-kit",[112],{"type":159,"title":172,"url":173,"covers":174},"FormicaMarket: Messor ibericus care guide (nest 21 to 30 °C and 40 to 60% humidity, winter rest at 12 °C, mostly dry Ytong, plaster or 3D-printed nests; its queen size of 14 to 17 mm and summer flight months do not match the other sources)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicamarket.com\u002Fen\u002Fant-database\u002Fmessor-ibericus\u002F",[112],{"type":159,"title":176,"url":177,"covers":178},"Antariums: fiche d’élevage Messor structor (M. ibericus has a slightly shorter first funicular segment and smaller queens, and is kept the same way)","https:\u002F\u002Fv5.antariums.org\u002Fmessor-structor",[96,112],{"type":159,"title":180,"url":181,"covers":182},"Antkeeping.info: Messor ibericus (country list, flights in May and June)","https:\u002F\u002Fantkeeping.info\u002Fants\u002Fmessor-ibericus\u002F",[111,117],{"type":184,"title":185,"url":186,"covers":187},"forum","formicarium.it forum: Regine Messor structor (Marano sul Panaro, Modena, 17 April 2013: winged queens at a nest entrance in the evening without flying, mating on the ground, budding, and keepers noting that lone queens rarely found a colony)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=6303",[110,117,112],{"type":184,"title":189,"url":190,"covers":191},"formicarium.it forum: Diario di allevamento di Messor structor (an Italian colony of a few thousand workers with 12 dealate and about 40 winged queens, Ytong nest painted with acrylic paint, heat mat, 12 to 15 crickets or mealworms a week)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=5580",[112,110],{"type":184,"title":193,"url":194,"covers":195},"formicarium.it forum: Formicai in gesso, verticale e orizzontale (an Italian colony of over 3400 workers and about 30 queens, workers tunneling through damp plaster into the water tank)","https:\u002F\u002Fformicarium.it\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=151",[112,110],{"type":92,"title":197,"url":198,"covers":199},"AntFlights: prenuptial flight of Messor ibericus, Madrid, Spain, 31 March 2025 at 12:41 (sunny and calm, not yet confirmed on the site)","https:\u002F\u002Fantflights.com\u002Ff\u002F2373\u002Fprenuptial-flight-messor-ibericus-comunidad-de-madrid-spain",[117],{"type":92,"title":201,"url":202,"covers":203},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[204],"legal",{"type":92,"title":206,"url":207,"covers":208},"Wikipedia: List of invasive alien species of Union concern (the listed ants are Brachyponera chinensis, Solenopsis geminata, invicta and richteri, and Wasmannia auropunctata, no Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FList_of_invasive_alien_species_of_Union_concern",[204],{"type":92,"title":210,"url":211,"covers":212},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany (Formica only, no Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[204],{"type":92,"title":214,"url":215,"covers":216},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods (no Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[204],{"type":92,"title":218,"url":219,"covers":220},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: list of designated invasive alien species (Invasive Alien Species Act, no Messor)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[204],"species\u002Fmessor-ibericus","Myrmicinae",[224,225],22,28,"Stenammini",[78,228],8,"2NvbTb3Jrc90cLU5OCA6PRI_bLVohp5t0YlK9ZVHqas","messor-ibericus","Messor","Fourmi moissonneuse ibérique",[],"Une moissonneuse brune et poilue du sud de l'Europe, dont les reines élèvent des ouvrières hybrides en clonant les mâles d'une autre espèce.",{"id":236,"title":237,"aliases":233,"body":238,"description":242,"extension":244,"faqs":245,"identification":255,"language":256,"meta":257,"navigation":258,"nickname":232,"notes":259,"path":270,"seo":271,"stem":272,"tagline":234,"__hash__":273},"speciesProfiles\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus.md","Messor Ibericus",{"type":239,"value":240,"toc":241},"minimark",[],{"title":242,"searchDepth":30,"depth":30,"links":243},"",[],"md",[246,249,252],{"question":247,"answer":248},"Comment une reine de Messor ibericus peut-elle donner naissance à une autre espèce ?","Ses ouvrières ne peuvent provenir que du sperme des mâles de Messor structor : toutes sont donc des hybrides, tandis que le sperme de sa propre espèce donne de nouvelles reines. Dans la plupart des colonies étudiées, c'est elle-même qui pond ces mâles de structor : certains de ses œufs ne portent que l'ADN de structor du sperme qu'elle a stocké et se développent en clones des mâles avec lesquels elle s'est accouplée. Dans une colonie de laboratoire, une seule reine a élevé à la fois des mâles ibericus poilus et des mâles structor presque glabres. Les chercheurs appellent cela la xénoparité.",{"question":250,"answer":251},"Ma colonie de Messor structor est-elle vraiment Messor ibericus ?","Si elle vient d'Italie, d'Espagne ou du littoral méditerranéen, probablement oui. Les deux portaient le nom de structor jusqu'à ce qu'une étude de 2018 divise l'ancienne structor en cinq espèces, et une étude de 2025 a trouvé Messor ibericus dans 69 populations méditerranéennes sans une seule colonie de structor. Distinguer les ouvrières demande un microscope, mais les deux espèces s'élèvent de la même façon.",{"question":253,"answer":254},"Où vit Messor ibericus ?","Sur le pourtour nord de la Méditerranée, de l'Espagne et du Portugal jusqu'à la Grèce, la Bulgarie et la Roumanie, en passant par le sud de la France, l'Italie, la Suisse et les Balkans, et au sud jusqu'en Crète et à Malte, avec un avant-poste près de Mayence, en Allemagne. Elle niche dans les terrains chauds et dégagés, comme les prairies sèches, les bords de route, les vignobles et les jardins, souvent sous des pierres et aussi en ville, généralement plus bas en altitude que Messor structor.","Des ouvrières brun rougeâtre à brun foncé, de nombreuses tailles, avec une pilosité abondante, plus ternes que Messor capitatus, d'un noir luisant. C'est presque une jumelle de Messor structor : seul un microscope révèle son premier segment antennaire après le scape, un peu plus court, et ses reines sont plus petites, si bien qu'autour de la Méditerranée le lieu d'origine est le meilleur indice.","fr",{},true,[260,263,266,268],{"kind":261,"text":262},"tip","Un nid chaud et plutôt sec lui convient. L'équipe de l'étude parue dans Nature en 2025 a maintenu 65 colonies dans une pièce à 25 °C et 40 % d'humidité, et les a nourries de graines de graminées. Ajoutez un tube d'eau ou un seul coin humide, mais gardez la réserve de graines au sec, car des graines trop humides germent et les ouvrières les sortent alors du nid.",{"kind":264,"text":265},"watchOut","Une reine ramassée près d'un nid risque de ne jamais démarrer seule. En Italie, on a vu des reines ailées attendre à l'entrée du nid au lieu de s'envoler, et des éleveurs rapportent qu'elles s'accouplent au sol, puis retournent dans le nid ou partent avec un groupe d'ouvrières, et fondent rarement une colonie seules. Récoltez quelques ouvrières avec une telle reine, ou partez d'une colonie qui en compte déjà.",{"kind":261,"text":267},"Les graines sont la base de l'alimentation, avec de petites graines de pissenlit ou de graminées pour les premières ouvrières. Ajoutez des insectes à mesure que la colonie grandit : une colonie italienne de quelques milliers d'ouvrières consommait 12 à 15 grillons ou vers de farine par semaine. Les fruits mûrs et sucrés ont tendance à plaire davantage que le miel.",{"kind":264,"text":269},"Les ouvrières creusent le plâtre et l'Ytong là où ils deviennent humides. Une colonie italienne a creusé un tunnel à travers du plâtre ramolli jusqu'au réservoir d'eau de son nid : laissez donc des parois épaisses autour des chambres. Un autre éleveur a peint un nid en Ytong avec de la peinture acrylique, et les fourmis n'ont creusé que là où il n'était pas peint.","\u002Ffr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus",{"description":242},"fr\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ibericus","NwieUtz1OXgF_uD7mUFaZIpWtLZMdrx2wZ45m_U05zM",[275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286],"Allemagne","Bulgarie","Croatie","Espagne","France","Grèce","Italie","Malte","Portugal","Roumanie","Slovénie","Suisse",[288,290,292],{"name":68,"slug":289},"messor-structor",{"name":69,"slug":291},"messor-capitatus",{"name":70,"slug":293},"messor-wasmanni",[295,310,321],{"slug":291,"scientificName":69,"genus":231,"nickname":242,"aliases":296,"tagline":297,"image":298,"experience":42,"guide":47,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":299,"majorSize":300,"queenSize":301,"temperature":302,"hibernation":303,"hibernationTemperature":304,"hibernationBand":305,"sizeClass":306,"founding":45,"colonyStructure":307,"regions":308},[],"Une moissonneuse d'un noir luisant, aux majors à grosse tête qui broient les graines dures en pain de fourmi sur les sols secs et rocailleux.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-capitatus\u002Fmessor-capitatus.jpg",[78,228],13,[300,53],[224,225],"required",[52,53],"cool","large","monogyne",[84,309],"northAfrica",{"slug":289,"scientificName":68,"genus":231,"nickname":242,"aliases":311,"tagline":312,"image":313,"experience":42,"guide":47,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":314,"majorSize":52,"queenSize":315,"temperature":316,"hibernation":303,"hibernationTemperature":317,"hibernationBand":305,"sizeClass":306,"founding":45,"colonyStructure":319,"regions":320},[],"Une moissonneuse brune à la surface rugueuse, qui partage son nid avec de nombreuses reines et se propage en détachant de nouvelles colonies.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-structor\u002Fmessor-structor.jpg",[78,228],[82,50],[224,225],[228,318],12,"polygyne",[84],{"slug":322,"scientificName":323,"genus":231,"nickname":242,"aliases":324,"tagline":325,"image":326,"experience":42,"guide":47,"difficulty":30,"workerSize":327,"majorSize":52,"queenSize":328,"temperature":329,"hibernation":48,"hibernationTemperature":330,"hibernationBand":332,"sizeClass":306,"founding":45,"colonyStructure":307,"regions":333},"messor-ebeninus","Messor ebeninus",[],"Une moissonneuse d'un noir d'ébène luisant du Moyen-Orient, qui stocke ses graines à l'étage et élève son couvain dans la terre humide, bien plus bas.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fmessor-ebeninus\u002Fmessor-ebeninus.jpg",[78,228],[50,318],[224,225],[53,331],18,"mild",[334,309],"middleEast",[336,338,340],{"pair":337,"name":69},"messor-capitatus-vs-messor-ibericus",{"pair":339,"name":68},"messor-ibericus-vs-messor-structor",{"pair":341,"name":70},"messor-ibericus-vs-messor-wasmanni",[343,350,357],{"id":344,"title":345,"description":346,"image":347,"categoryText":348,"path":349},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest.md","Comment fabriquer un nid en Ytong - Tutoriel fourmis","Dans ce tutoriel, apprenez à fabriquer un nid en Ytong pour vos colonies de fourmis ! C'est l'un des meilleurs types de nids pour de nombreuses espèces !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_ant_nest_tutorial.png","Tutoriels","\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-make-a-ytong-nest",{"id":351,"title":352,"description":353,"image":354,"categoryText":355,"path":356},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-care-for-messor-barbarus.md","Comment prendre soin de Messor barbarus","Dans ce guide, vous apprendrez à prendre soin de Messor barbarus ! Température, humidité, nourriture, hivernation, type de nid... et bien plus encore !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_messor_barbarus_care_guide.png","Guides de soins","\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-care-for-messor-barbarus",{"id":358,"title":359,"description":360,"image":361,"categoryText":362,"path":363},"blog\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","Comment faire hiverner vos fourmis - Tutoriel d'hivernation","Dans ce guide, parlons de l'hivernation : qu'est-ce que c'est ? Pourquoi les fourmis en ont-elles besoin ? Dois-je faire hiverner mes fourmis ? Voyons ça !","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","Bases","\u002Ffr\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",1793205522005]