[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":374},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-sheet-\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus":3},{"species":4,"profile":244,"countryNames":281,"lookalikes":291,"similar":296,"posts":353},{"id":5,"authority":6,"colonyStructure":7,"confidence":8,"countries":10,"defense":20,"diet":23,"difficulty":26,"dryHumidity":27,"escapeRisk":9,"estimated":28,"experience":36,"extension":37,"finder":38,"founding":39,"growth":40,"guide":27,"hibernation":41,"hibernationMonths":42,"hibernationTemperature":45,"humidity":48,"image":51,"imageCredit":52,"imageHeight":56,"imageWidth":57,"interests":27,"keptSince":27,"legal":58,"lookalikes":61,"majorSize":64,"maxWorkers":65,"meta":66,"nests":67,"nuptialFlightMonths":71,"nuptialFlightTime":74,"nuptialFlightTriggers":75,"polymorphism":78,"queenSize":79,"regions":80,"relatedPosts":83,"reviewedAt":60,"scientificName":87,"sources":88,"stem":231,"subfamily":232,"temperature":233,"tribe":236,"workerSize":237,"__hash__":238,"slug":239,"genus":240,"nickname":241,"aliases":242,"tagline":243},"species\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus.yml","Emery, 1905","monogyne",{"biology":9,"husbandry":9,"nuptialFlight":9},"medium",[11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19],"ES","PT","IT","MT","GI","MA","DZ","TN","LY",[21,22],"bite","acid",[24,25],"sugar","insects","4",null,[29,30,31,32,33,34,35],"temperature","humidity","hibernationTemperature","nuptialFlightMonths","workerSize","queenSize","maxWorkers","compiled","yml",false,"claustral","fast","recommended",[43,44],11,2,[46,47],12,18,[49,50],40,60,"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus.jpg",{"author":53,"license":54,"url":55},"Jonghyun Park","CC BY 4.0","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.inaturalist.org\u002Fobservations\u002F394027985",800,1200,{"status":59,"checked":60},"free","2026-10-11",[62,63],"Camponotus cruentatus","Camponotus sylvaticus",16,10000,{},[68,69,70],"ytong","acrylic","naturalistic",[72,73],6,8,"night",[76,77],"heat","calm","polymorphic",[64,47],[81,82],"europe","northAfrica",[84,85,86],"how-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial","ytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest","how-to-hibernate-your-ants","Camponotus barbaricus",[89,96,101,105,109,113,120,125,129,133,137,141,145,149,153,157,161,166,170,174,178,182,186,190,194,198,202,206,210,214,219,223,227],{"type":90,"title":91,"url":92,"covers":93},"paper","Emery (1905), Rendiconto delle Sessioni della R. Accademia delle Scienze, Istituto di Bologna 9: 27-44, Le forme paleartiche del Camponotus maculatus F., original description of C. maculatus subsp. barbaricus (Gibraltar and Seville)","https:\u002F\u002Ftreatment.plazi.org\u002Fid\u002F9E32154DF2E3932D12D8069F4AAEAA42",[94,95],"taxonomy","distribution",{"type":97,"title":98,"url":99,"covers":100},"reference","Catalogue of Life: Camponotus (Tanaemyrmex) barbaricus Emery, 1905","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.catalogueoflife.org\u002Fdata\u002Ftaxon\u002FQDJ5",[94],{"type":97,"title":102,"url":103,"covers":104},"AntCat: Camponotus barbaricus Emery, 1905","https:\u002F\u002Fantcat.org\u002Fcatalog\u002F432077",[94],{"type":97,"title":106,"url":107,"covers":108},"AntWiki: Camponotus barbaricus","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antwiki.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCamponotus_barbaricus",[94,95],{"type":97,"title":110,"url":111,"covers":112},"GBIF: Camponotus barbaricus Emery, 1905, occurrence records by country","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gbif.org\u002Fspecies\u002F1313695",[95],{"type":97,"title":114,"url":115,"covers":116},"Wikipedia (Spanish): Camponotus barbaricus","https:\u002F\u002Fes.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCamponotus_barbaricus",[117,118,119],"biology","husbandry","nuptialFlight",{"type":121,"title":122,"url":123,"covers":124},"forum","Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus, Welcome to Lazy Tube (Serafine, 2016 to 2025: species description, development times, colony growth to several thousand workers, winter rest, males and flights, origin)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=55904",[118,117,95,119],{"type":121,"title":126,"url":127,"covers":128},"Formiculture: Welcome to Lazy Tube, Serafines Camponotus barbaricus (English version of the journal, origin Morocco to Malta)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.formiculture.com\u002Ftopic\u002F4167-welcome-to-lazy-tube-serafines-camponotus-barbaricus\u002F",[118,117,95,119],{"type":121,"title":130,"url":131,"covers":132},"Ameisenforum.de: Winterruhe Camponotus barbaricus (room temperature versus cool winter rest)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=58997",[118],{"type":121,"title":134,"url":135,"covers":136},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus, Sammys Ameisenhaltungsbericht 2 (colony stuck at a few dozen workers without heat, heat mat effect, yearly cellar rest)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=60519",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":138,"url":139,"covers":140},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus, Sammy keeping report and the 2026 introduction of a new queen into a queenless colony","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=64851",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":142,"url":143,"covers":144},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus, summary of the new queen integration after more than six months","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=65036",[117],{"type":121,"title":146,"url":147,"covers":148},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus keeping experiences (queen size, winter rest in an unheated loft)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=33695",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":150,"url":151,"covers":152},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus keeping experiences (queen size, four months of winter rest in an unheated room)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=25392",[118],{"type":121,"title":154,"url":155,"covers":156},"Ameisenforum.de: Camponotus barbaricus keeping experiences (PTFE escape barrier, summer room temperature)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=29127",[118],{"type":121,"title":158,"url":159,"covers":160},"Ameisenforum.de: Fabey93s Camponotus barbaricus (heat in summer, passive winter rest at cellar temperature)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ameisenforum.de\u002Fviewtopic.php?t=62275",[118],{"type":162,"title":163,"url":164,"covers":165},"careSheet","Antstore: Camponotus barbaricus","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antstore.net\u002Fshop\u002Fen\u002Fants\u002FAnts-from-South-Europe\u002FCamponotus-barbaricus.html",[118,117,119],{"type":162,"title":167,"url":168,"covers":169},"Anthouse (Spain): Colony of Camponotus barbaricus, instructions for breeding","https:\u002F\u002Fanthouse.es\u002Fen\u002Ffree-ants\u002F332-colony-of-camponotus-barbaricus-free-ants-anthouse.html",[118],{"type":162,"title":171,"url":172,"covers":173},"Ants R Us: Camponotus barbaricus care sheet (PDF)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antsrus.com\u002F_files\u002Fugd\u002Fd392ea_d2ad8b2a0c064de9bb33243621f61988.pdf",[118],{"type":162,"title":175,"url":176,"covers":177},"Ants R Us: Camponotus barbaricus queen starter pack","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.antsrus.com\u002Fproduct-page\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus-queen-with-brood-starter-pack",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":179,"url":180,"covers":181},"LaMarabunta.org: Humedad en sitios con mucha humedad, Camponotus barbaricus (dry nest with an external drinker)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fhumedad-en-sitios-con-mucha-humedad-camponotus-bar-t45944.html",[118],{"type":121,"title":183,"url":184,"covers":185},"LaMarabunta.org: Por que se mueren mis camponotus barbaricus (activity at dusk, shy small colonies)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fpor-que-se-mueren-mis-camponotus-barbaricus-t55957.html",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":187,"url":188,"covers":189},"LaMarabunta.org: Hormiguero C.barbaricus (more active at night, feeding inside the test tube)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fhormiguero-c-barbaricus-t58480.html",[118,117],{"type":121,"title":191,"url":192,"covers":193},"LaMarabunta.org: Poliginia de camponotus barbaricus (strictly monogynous, aggressive when threatened)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fpoliginia-de-camponotus-barbaricus-t57239.html",[117],{"type":121,"title":195,"url":196,"covers":197},"LaMarabunta.org: Alados de c.barbaricus (winged queen and male found on 1 July 2018)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Falados-de-c-barbaricus-t41023.html",[119],{"type":121,"title":199,"url":200,"covers":201},"LaMarabunta.org: Cruentatus, Herculeanus o Bárbaricus para iniciar (matte black and red cruentatus versus glossy black barbaricus)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fcruentatus-herculeanus-o-barbaricus-para-iniciar-t42577.html",[117],{"type":121,"title":203,"url":204,"covers":205},"LaMarabunta.org: Camponotus cruentatus VS Camponotus Barbaricus (how Spanish keepers tell them apart)","https:\u002F\u002Flamarabunta.org\u002Fcamponotus-f19\u002Fcamponotus-cruentatus-vs-camponotus-barbaricus-t58705.html",[117],{"type":97,"title":207,"url":208,"covers":209},"AntFlights: nuptial flight records of Camponotus barbaricus (26 records, Spain, 2019 to 2026)","https:\u002F\u002Fantflights.com\u002Fstats\u002Fflights\u002FCamponotus\u002Fbarbaricus",[119],{"type":97,"title":211,"url":212,"covers":213},"Antkeeping.info: Camponotus barbaricus (nuptial flight months, native countries)","https:\u002F\u002Fantkeeping.info\u002Fants\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus\u002F",[95,119],{"type":97,"title":215,"url":216,"covers":217},"EU list of invasive alien species of Union concern (Implementing Regulation 2016\u002F1141, consolidated)","https:\u002F\u002Feur-lex.europa.eu\u002Feli\u002Freg_impl\u002F2016\u002F1141\u002Foj",[218],"legal",{"type":97,"title":220,"url":221,"covers":222},"Bundesartenschutzverordnung (BArtSchV), Anlage 1: protected species in Germany","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.gesetze-im-internet.de\u002Fbartschv_2005\u002Fanlage_1.html",[218],{"type":97,"title":224,"url":225,"covers":226},"MITECO: Spanish Catalogue of Invasive Alien Species, arthropods","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.miteco.gob.es\u002Fen\u002Fbiodiversidad\u002Ftemas\u002Fconservacion-de-especies\u002Fespecies-exoticas-invasoras\u002Fce_eei_artropodos_nc.html",[218],{"type":97,"title":228,"url":229,"covers":230},"Japan Ministry of the Environment: designated invasive alien species under the Invasive Alien Species Act","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.env.go.jp\u002Fnature\u002Fintro\u002F2outline\u002Flist.html",[218],"species\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus","Formicinae",[234,235],25,30,"Camponotini",[72,46],"7afmUCPn89F4NgS632uFWTZspnwDdhWs3MmXmje3iBk","camponotus-barbaricus","Camponotus","",[],"A shy, mostly nocturnal giant of the western Mediterranean that starts slowly, then grows into a huge colony once it has real warmth.",{"id":245,"title":246,"aliases":242,"body":247,"description":241,"extension":252,"faqs":253,"identification":263,"language":264,"meta":265,"navigation":266,"nickname":241,"notes":267,"path":278,"seo":279,"stem":231,"tagline":243,"__hash__":280},"speciesProfiles\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus.md","Camponotus Barbaricus",{"type":248,"value":249,"toc":250},"minimark",[],{"title":241,"searchDepth":44,"depth":44,"links":251},[],"md",[254,257,260],{"question":255,"answer":256},"Is Camponotus barbaricus really nocturnal?","Mostly. Small colonies stay hidden by day and come out at dusk, and even in large colonies the biggest workers usually forage at night, while many workers may sit in the open by day once the colony has grown. Some shop sheets say day and night, and a few keepers see single workers walking around by day. Bright light and flashlights upset them, and red foil does not help against a strong light, so a weak red light works best.",{"question":258,"answer":259},"Can a queenless Camponotus barbaricus colony accept a new queen?","Sometimes, but expect a long and risky process. One keeper whose queen died during the winter of 2026 placed a new queen behind a mesh in a small nest inside the colony's outworld, then joined her with pupae and single workers step by step. After more than six months the workers accepted and fed her, although she attacked workers on the way and killed a major. Spanish keepers stress that their Camponotus are strictly monogynous and aggressive when threatened, so most keepers see it as a long shot.",{"question":261,"answer":262},"When do the large workers appear in a Camponotus barbaricus colony?","Later than most people expect. In the best-documented colony the first small majors showed up at roughly 50 workers in the first summer, majors almost as big as the queen followed within the first year, and the very largest workers, up to about 18 mm, only appeared in the third year after the colony passed ten thousand workers. A young colony with only small workers is therefore not doing anything wrong.","Glossy black workers in many sizes, with a black head and gaster and a thorax that runs from black to dark red or orange between individuals and colonies, so shipments from different places can look quite different. Compared with Camponotus cruentatus the body is shinier and the gaster has no orange band, and since the name also covers regional forms such as the subspecies xanthomelas, the exact identity of shop colonies is rarely certain.","en",{},true,[268,271,274,276],{"kind":269,"text":270},"tip","Heat only one side of the nest. One colony stayed tiny for years at room temperature and took off after a heat mat was added, and since eggs, young larvae and pupae choose different spots, a warm end with a cooler corner works best.",{"kind":272,"text":273},"watchOut","Do not rely on smooth glass or a thin coating, because the workers climb vertical glass, walk upside down and in one journal walked straight over a PTFE spray. Keep lids tight with no gaps, and feed in an outworld rather than inside the test tube, where some workers rush out and get lost when it is opened.",{"kind":269,"text":275},"Offer thin liquids. The workers ignore thick honey or syrup when something runnier is available, so dilute honey or maple syrup well, and expect them to lick the juices of fresh insects and soft cat food and leave the solid parts for the trash pile.",{"kind":269,"text":277},"Let the colony move on its own. Keepers report that a forced move stalls development, because the workers move when they outgrow the nest or when conditions turn bad. Attach the new nest to the old one and be patient, since a move can take days.","\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-barbaricus",{"description":241},"n4hLxVeKkqX7uVcgQy3aGd_fG2GHHtv4sv_7PK1VsH0",[282,283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290],"Algeria","Gibraltar","Italy","Libya","Malta","Morocco","Portugal","Spain","Tunisia",[292,294],{"name":62,"slug":293},"camponotus-cruentatus",{"name":63,"slug":295},"camponotus-sylvaticus",[297,319,339],{"slug":298,"scientificName":299,"genus":240,"nickname":300,"aliases":301,"tagline":302,"image":303,"experience":36,"guide":27,"difficulty":26,"workerSize":304,"majorSize":46,"queenSize":307,"temperature":309,"hibernation":41,"hibernationTemperature":312,"hibernationBand":314,"sizeClass":315,"founding":39,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":316},"camponotus-fedtschenkoi","Camponotus fedtschenkoi","Yellow carpenter ant",[],"A pale golden carpenter ant from the dry steppes of Central Asia that digs its nest in the ground and comes out at night.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-fedtschenkoi.jpg",[305,306],4,9,[46,308],14,[310,311],24,28,[313,47],15,"mild","large",[317,318],"asia","middleEast",{"slug":320,"scientificName":321,"genus":240,"nickname":322,"aliases":323,"tagline":326,"image":327,"experience":36,"guide":27,"difficulty":26,"workerSize":328,"majorSize":329,"queenSize":330,"temperature":332,"hibernation":333,"hibernationTemperature":334,"hibernationBand":336,"sizeClass":315,"founding":39,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":337},"camponotus-herculeanus","Camponotus herculeanus","Hercules ant",[324,325],"Black carpenter ant","Hercules carpenter ant","A cold-hardy black giant of northern conifer forests that carves its nest into old stumps and standing trees.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-herculeanus.jpg",[72,43],13,[308,331],17,[47,234],"required",[335,73],5,"cold",[81,317,338],"northAmerica",{"slug":340,"scientificName":341,"genus":240,"nickname":342,"aliases":343,"tagline":344,"image":345,"experience":36,"guide":27,"difficulty":26,"workerSize":346,"majorSize":308,"queenSize":347,"temperature":348,"hibernation":41,"hibernationTemperature":350,"hibernationBand":351,"sizeClass":315,"founding":39,"colonyStructure":7,"regions":352},"camponotus-japonicus","Camponotus japonicus","Japanese carpenter ant",[],"A sturdy, matte-black giant of East Asian fields and parks that builds up slowly, yet can follow the same queen for many years.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fspecies\u002Fcamponotus-japonicus.jpg",[72,46],[313,47],[349,311],22,[73,46],"cool",[317],[354,361,368],{"id":355,"title":356,"description":357,"image":358,"categoryText":359,"path":360},"blog\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial.md","How To Make a Test Tube Setup - Ant Keeping Basics","In this tutorial you will learn how to make a test tube setup, the best way to create the optimal environment for a newly mated queen ant!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_test_tube_setup_tutorial_new.png","Ant Keeping Basics","\u002Fhow-to-make-a-test-tube-setup-tutorial",{"id":362,"title":363,"description":364,"image":365,"categoryText":366,"path":367},"blog\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest.md","Ytong vs Acrylic - Which Is Better For An Ant Nest?","In this article, we’re going to talk about two of the most popular types of ant nests: acrylic nests and Ytong nests! Let's compare them!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_ytong_vs_acrylic.png","Product Comparisons","\u002Fytong-vs-acrylic-which-is-better-for-an-ant-nest",{"id":369,"title":370,"description":371,"image":372,"categoryText":359,"path":373},"blog\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants.md","How To Hibernate Your Ants - Hibernation Tutorial","In this guide, we’re going to talk about hibernation: What is it? Why do ants need hibernation? Should I hibernate my ants? Let's see!","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.brumaants.com\u002Fimages\u002Fbruma_ants_thumbnail_hibernation_guide.png","\u002Fhow-to-hibernate-your-ants",1791900222693]